Investigation And Study Of Ancient Landscape In Poyang County

Poyang County locates in the southwest of the Poyang Lake and northeast of extension of Yellow Mountain, with long history of two thousand years and superior nature resources, where the Rao River is crossing over. Abundance nature resources and convenient waterway transportation made the Poyang County prosperous, and gestated unique ancient garden of Poyang county. Taking the ancient gardens of Poyang County as the research object in this paper, the phase of location, Gardening techniques, plant configuration and artistic conception creation of the ancient gardens were exploited and the development vein of that was teased by comprehensively using the methods of literature review, field research, inductive analysis and comparative analysis, meanwhile combined with usage of mutually interpretation such as poetry, calligraphy and painting.Influenced by nature environment, region culture and social economy, the development course of the ancient gardens of Poyang was divided into five stages as followed:The first stage was the beginning period, that is Qing-Han dynasty. The types of Yuan, You and Tai were the basic forms in this period, for the purpose of communicating with Deity and hunting, also giving consideration to leisure functions.The second stage was the turning period, that is Three Kingdoms, Western Jin Dynasty and Eastern Jin Dynasty, Northern and southern Dynasty period. Because of turbulent political situation, intensified social conflicts, mingling of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism and rising of metaphysics, which generated hermit thought that affected ancient gardens. The main garden types were private house garden and temple gardens.The third stage is the flourishing period, and that is Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties periods. Poetry and painting art prospered in Po Yang county during this period. Intellectuals took an active part in constructing gardens and exerted great influence in the development of landscape architecture;The forth stage is the period of mature development, and that is The Song Dynasty period. With the help of booming culture, the types of ancient gardens in Poyang county were abundant, including private gardens, temple gardens, palace gardens and public gardens, which were of high gardening jacquard.The fifth stage is the mature late, that is Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing period. This period lost the vigor that existed in the Song Dynasty, and expressed signs of decline, but the public gardens in this period developed rapidly, the ethos of "entertainment in the garden" prevalent in society.Through the inductive analysis, the ancient garden development of Poyang county had some kind of features of Jiangnan landscaped gardens, mainly manifested in the art of gardening. Water held a vital position in ancient gardens of Poyang county, and was also commonly used in gardens of all types. Besides, there are many ways of utilizing water, which can be best represented by borrowing water to the garden to create splendid scenery. Poyang gardens attach importance to natural scenery, so birds in the sky and the views outside the gardens are indispensable elements to the holistic landscapes.