The Field Investigation And Study Of Adobe Building

Today's degree of attention to the environment around the world continues to improve, growing awareness of environmental protection, how to use energy saving, low power consumption materials to build a comfortable living environment has become a hot topic of the moment. Advocate the concept of sustainable development in today's society, there is growing emphasis on eco-friendly living environment, so we began to re-examine this relatively old adobe building architectural forms, history has proved adobe building is still the most promising green building. However, there are many aspects of building structures disease and the seismic performance is relatively weak in the earthquake-prone zone. Many adobe buildings have been destroyed and abandoned. But a few still maintain good living states in their natural environment. This indicates that as long as the building layout is reasonable, the structure is properly designed and constructed with the appropriate set of measures, the seismic capacity of adobe building is able to meet the requirements. The content and direction of our current research is to take advantage of the superiority of traditional adobe building, combined with modern building science and technology to develop new living space. The extended study of adobe architecture is built on Shaanxi, Heilongjiang fieldwork research in some areas on the basis of the current proposed constitution in the construction of adobe buildings, issues related to architecture, structural measures, as well as the seismic performance of common diseases, and its analysis accordingly, Finally, put forward suggestions to improve the construction of adobe buildings, fire protection, energy saving, daylighting, ventilation, waterproof, space, and the prevention and treatment of diseases and earthquake, combined with the spread of adobe buildings built thousands of years experience in the development of environmental protection for human energy-efficient buildings to provide reliable power support.The main object of this research is the following categories:Cave dwellings, Adobe building, Rammed earth building, Grass-mud building. Cave dwellings as a representative of the ecological civilization and regional culture has a broad development space. Through the gathering the experience about the siting, construction, use and maintenance of raw-soil cave houses, some existing problems are found and some corresponding measures are put forward to improve it. Through the field investigation of fire prevention, energy conservation, lighting, ventilation, waterproof, siting, defects and prevention of raw-soil cave houses in China, the experience and problems of design, construction, use and maintenance are analyzed. The investigations show that the raw-soil cave houses have a good performance in fire protection and energy conservation; the existing waterproof measure is effective; lighting and ventilation need improving; seismic performance is well. There are many kinds of defects need to prevent and improve. Raw-soil cave house deserve further research and development but there are too much problems must be solved as soon as possible.Be affected of natural environmental and economic factors, the rural in southwestern of Shaanxi, there are still a huge number of adobe buildings, which at this stage is still necessary to study the relative performance of adobe buildings. Through the field investigation of fire prevention, energy conservation, lighting, ventilation, waterproof, siting, defects and prevention of adobe buildings in China, the experience and problems of design, construction, use and maintenance are analyzed. The investigations show that the adobe buildings have a good performance in fire protection and energy conservation; the existing waterproof measure is effective; lighting and ventilation need improving; there are many kinds of defects need to prevent, while more diseases. Durability and structural stability of adobe walls is poor and the seismic performance is weak. Therefore the strengthening programs and the effective structural measures have been proposed to improve adobe building as quickly as possible.Rammed earth wall technology is one of the traditional vernacular architecture, It has superior physical properties and the characteristics of the ecological and environmental protection. Now a lot of industrialized building instead of raw soil buildings,vernacular architecture culture is in the way of dying.Through the gathering the experience about the siting,construction, use and maintenance of rammed earth construction, some existing problems are found and some corresponding measures are put forward to improve it. Through the field investigation of creation, fire prevention, energy conservation, lighting, ventilation, waterproof, siting, defects and prevention of raw-soil cave houses in China, the experience and problems of design, construction, use and maintenance are analyzed. The investigations show that the rammed earth construction have a good performance in fire protection and energy conservation; the existing waterproof measure is effective; daylighting and ventilation need improving; the seismic performance of rammed earth construction is good. There are many kinds of defects need to prevent and maintain. Rammed earth building deserves further research and development but there are too much problems must be solved as soon as possible.Grass-mud building is a unique architectural form in Qitaihe of Heilongjiang. From the survey results, the architectural history of this building has now withdrawn from the stage, but because of its use of local materials, the construction of simple, good thermal performance and plasticity, the unique advantages of local flavor, it is also an eco-friendly building mode. Through the field investigation of fire prevention, energy conservation, lighting, ventilation, waterproof, siting, defects and prevention of Grass-mud building, the experience and problems of design, construction, use and maintenance are analyzed. The investigations show that the Grass-mud building have a poor performance in fire protection and energy conservation; the existing waterproof measure is effective:lighting and ventilation is good; stability and structural integrity of the wall is too bad, seismic performance is weak. But there is certain practical significance about energy-saving of the studying with Grass-mud buildings.