Remote Sensing Monitoring And Spatial Transference And Formation Mechanism Of Illegal Mining Sites In Eastern Hubei

Mining industry plays an important role in the development of national economy,the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources is a basic industry of national economy,which has the characteristics of basic,primitive,public and irreplaceable.The spatial span of our country is large,and the geography,topography and climatic conditions are complex.The mineral resources have many types,diversified development methods and different mining time periods.The extensive exploitation and management of mineral resources has aggravated the illegal exploitation,resulting in some social,economic and environmental problems.The eastern Hubei province is abundant in mineral resources.By using the remote sensing technology which dynamically monitor and investigate its mining features as well as analyze the exploitation status of mineral resources and spatial characteristics of illegal mining,and discuss the cause of distributional regularity,it is of great important to restrain illegal activities and realize effective protection and rational utilizationThis paper takes the eastern Hubei province as the research area,using map delineation data spanning 2011 to 2014 on illegal mining sites obtained via integration of remote sensing image interpretation,field investigation,which statistically analyze the overall mining conditions.And adopting methods like spatial interpolation,kernel density analysis and gravity center model,spatial transfer characteristics of illegal mining sites are revealed from two levels and three aspects,namely the density distribution of illegal mining sites of all mineral resources,main illegal minerals and the gravity movement of illegal mining sites.And according to the density calculation of traffic network,buffer area analysis and theory of economic geography and sociology,it reveals its formation mechanism.The main achievements of this paper are as follows:1.After the remote sensing data processing,image interpretation and field verification,the development status of mineral resources in the study area was comprehensively monitored.The number of legal mining sites was on the rise in eastern Hubei province in 2011-2014 and illegal mining sites showed a concussion decline,but they were rising in 2014.The exploitation of metal minerals and limestone for building was very serious and the order of mining activities was rather chaotic in the fringe of different administrative units.2.In 2011-2014,illegal mining sites have been concentrated in Daye city and Yangxin county,following a trend of shifting to the fringe of Daye city and Tieshan district.But the illegal focus of metal minerals remained almost constant which concentrated in Yangxin county,Daye city,Tieshan district and Xialu district.The limestone for building was being transferred to Yangxin county.The gravity centers of illegal mining sites presented Z type transfer and the gravity movement was related to changes of illegal mining quantity in different regions and the distribution of important minerals caused by regulatory oversight.3.These patterns of illegal mining sites are influenced mainly by the inherent characteristics of mineral resources,traffic conditions,the fringe of different administrative units and rigid demands of economic development.The regions which metallogenic conditions good and mineral resources are rich have large density of mining exploitation.The areas which have high traffic convenience and fringe of different administration are serious to exploit illegal mining.Meanwhile,the demand for economic development urges the supervision of relevant departments to be lax and some enterprises are driven by economic interests,so that the scale and quantity of illegal mining sites in these areas have increased rapidly.