| According to the need of green plant protection and unified control, broad application prospects at labor saving and high efficiency pesticide spraying technology of low capacity and ultra low capacitywere revealed. Low volume sprayers and ultra low volume spraying technology is primarily based on the thermal fogger and plant protection UAV. Compared with the traditional manual sprayer, the two new spray equipment with thermal fogger and plant protection UAV in prevention and control of plant diseases and elimination of pests damage has the advantage was in the spray only need to add less pesticiden could achieve better control effect, it could also save the labor force. Can not only achieve professional control of pests and diseases can also expand the area of prevention and control. The phenomenon of droplet and droplet flowing down often appears was due to thermal fogger has smaller particle size and plant protection UAV flying too fast. This phenomenon greatly reduced the amount of pesticide active ingredients on the leaves of plants, it greatly influences the prevention and control of pesticide to plant diseases and insect pests. In this article,a settling agent suitable for low volume and ultra low volume spray was prepared through to the solvent, the condensed matter, the surface active agent, the thickening agent carries on the screening, the compatibility of pesticide and water with the spray settling agent was determined, the droplet deposition distribution and control effect of the field are discussed in addition before and after settling agent. rice field and its control effect were compared in the distribution under different spray droplets. The main results are as follows.Screening of the components of the settling agent, the types and dosage of solvent, surface active agent, condensed matter, thickening agent and thickener were determined, the optimum formula of settling agent was obtained. GCC/silica/kaolin, magnesium aluminum silicate, OP-7,500#, YUS-EP60P, diesel oil, oleic acid methyl ester, the dosage were 10%,2%,10%,8% and 4%,44% and 22%. The compatibility of different settling aids with pesticides and water was determined, the results showed that the difference of settling agent and thermal and plant protection ULV commonly used pesticide EC, soluble liquid agent, suspending agent were very good compatibility.Comparing the different position number of sedimentary water sensitivity of paper in spray solution when adding different subsidence of additives in thermal fog machine and unmanned aerial vehicle (uav). The results show that:the settling effect of different additives in the field all have very good sedimentation effect, which the best is ground calcium carbonate settlement agent. When applying pesticide with thermal fog machine, after joining coarse whiting settlement agent, the droplets deposition quantity of the upper is 173/cm, the middle is 115/cm~2, lower level is 66/cm~2, the average number of droplets is 118/cm~2. When applying pesticide with unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), after joining coarse whiting settlement agent, the number of droplets in rice depositionrice canopy is 33/cm, in rice middle lamella is 16/cm~2, the amount of deposition at 10 cm away from the ground is 10/cm~2, and the average droplets settlement amount is 20/cm~2.Comparing the difference between before adding the settlement agent and after adding it, the changes in the droplets size and density of thermal fog machine and unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) and its control effect research are studied in this research. The results show that:the droplets size and density are obviously bigger comparing with before adding the settlement agent, and the control effect is also increased. Before adding additives, the particle diameter of thermal fog machine is only 35.27?m, while adding the settlement agent, the particle diameter becomes 52.66?m, there are an increase of 17.39?m before adding the settlement agent. Before adding additives, the particle diameter of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is only 88.62?m, while adding the settlement agent, the particle diameter becomes 95.43?m. In the prevention and control of rice leaf curl moth, the longitudinal control effect before and after adding additives increased by 10.12% and 2.05% respectively; In the prevention and control of rice planthopper, the control effects before and after adding additives increased by 5.57% and 1.44% respectively; In the prevention and control of rice sheath blight, before and after adding additives control effect increased by 14.01% and 14.01% respectively.On the rice, there are several kinds of spray equipment commonly used in agriculture: Green good LJ-16 type knapsack power sprayer,3 WBS-16 type manual sprayer, hot fog machine, and plant protection UAV are used in the systematic research of the distribution of rice field system and the control effect towards plant diseases and insect pests. The results show that:the droplets size of hand sprayer is 180.46?m, the droplets size of power sprayer is 170.53 ?m, are greater than 100?m; while the droplets size of thermal fog machine and unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) particle are less than several other spray equipment, are less than 100?m. The control effect of thermal fog machine and unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) are reach up to 90%, better than electric sprayer and manual sprayer.This study show that adding additives can effectively improve the settling effect of thermal fog machines and unmanned eppo droplets, and can also effectively improve the control effect of plant diseases and insect pests. Comparing with other conventional spray equipment, thermal spray machine and the plant protection UAV have the better control effect, can effectively improve the effective utilization of pesticide, achieve the goal of efficient delivery mechanism. |
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