Preparation Of Mesoporous Zirconia Solid Acid And Its Applications In Glycerin Etherification And Mixed Fuels

With the advancement of science and technology development and age, people are increasingly concerned about the rapid development of the legacy issues, particularly reflected in environmental protection and sustainable use of resources and energy.The preparation and characterization of mesoporous zirconia composite solid acid oxide were referred to in the research,focusing on the modification of catalysts to improve the activity of catalysts,increasing the conversation rate of glycerol etherification and other issues.Glycerol ether product without any treatment directly was used as oxygenated additive for the study of blending fuel such as glyceryl-gasoline-ethanol, glyceryl-gasoline and glyceryl-diesel.Compared with traditional liquid catalyst,solid acid catalyst has many advantages.Firstly,the yield of product was high,then no corrosion to equipments,thirdly,it could be reused for mang times,the last and the most important was that it could be separated easily and reducing energy consumption.Glycerol ether system as oxygenated additive has the advantages such as sufficient burning and reducing exhaust emissions of particulate matter, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and aldehydes unregulated.The research work of this paper was divided into three parts.First of all,with ZrOCl₂·8H₂O as Zr-source and PEG 20000 as template,W O₃/Zr O₂,SO₄^2-/ZrO₂,MoO₃/ZrO₂, B2O₃/ZrO₂（surfacearea80.2m²/g, aperture 16.0nm,pore volume 0.3cm³/g） and a series of mesoporous solid super acid were prep ared by using method of precipitation and precipitation-dipping.By XRD, SEM,TEM and a series of test results showed that 20% loaded,calcination temperat ure 650 ℃,there was better dispersion and pore structure.Secondly, with the self-mesoporous solid acid WO₃/ZrO₂, SO₄^2-/ZrO₂, MoO₃/ ZrO₂,B2O₃/ZrO₂ as catalysts,the reaction with adding glycerol and t-butanol in a certain proportion and no additional solvent was researched.The experimental results were analyzed by GC and a series of test showed that under the mild conditions,with MoO₃/ZrO₂ as catalyst,when the loading was 20%,temperature w as 95 ℃,speed was 150rpm/min,the molar ratio of glycerol to t-butanol was 1:4,reaction for 9h, the conversion rate of glycerol was 95% and the selectivity of glycerol ether was 45%.Thirdly,the untreated reaction product of tert-butyl ether-glycerol system was mixed by gasoline and ethanol in a certain percentage for making different proportion of glycerol-gasoline-ethanol and glycerol-gasoline reconcile fuel.The optimum ratio of blended fuel was obtained by the test of stability and physicochemical properties and a series equipments of oil,which indicated the percent of glycerol,ethanol and gasoline was 5%,10% and 85% or glyceryl was 15% and gasoline was 85% respectively.Through the test we know that the performance of fuel was better without ethanol and it can be gradually replace ethanol- gasoline fuel.Simultaneously,the glyceryl as diesel additive were studied and the physical and chemical properties and stability of the mixed fuel were studied as well, the best additive content is 1-5%.