Environmental Risk Assessment On Ship Oil Spill Accidents In Harbor And A Case Study

With the increasingly frequent modern marine development activities, the development capacity and traffic volume of offshore oil has been increased continually. However, high risks happen with the high yield, resulting in gradually rising risks of port oil spill accidents. Ship oil spill accident in harbor has become one of the main factors of marine environmental pollution, causing great damage to marine ecosystem, which heavily endangers the coastal marine ecological and social economy near the port. Therefore, conducting the environmental risk assessment on ship oil spill accidents in harbor will be beneficial to the risk prevention and management of port oil spills, thus having theoretical guidance and practical significance to the decision makers and managers of port areas.The main research content of this article is as follows:(1) based on the research progress of the related field of environment risk assessment on port oil spill accidents in China and abroad, and combining the existing problems of environmental risk assessment on oil spills in our country, an environmental risk assessment system aimed at ship oil spill accidents is developed on the theoretical basis of environmental impact assessment and environmental management, and by applying the methods of analogy analysis, mathematical model, probability and mathematical statistics and computer programming technology. This system comprises several parts:the necessity of improving the environmental risk assessment in the process of port construction; risk source identification of oil spills; risk source analysis; result forecast analysis of risk accidents; and, risk prevention measures.(2) combined with the environmental characteristics of Dalian new port and start with the future planning, construction and operation management of Dalian new port, the built environment risk assessment system of oil spill accidents is applied to forecast and evaluate the environmental risks of ship oil spills in Dalian new port. The results indicate that there exist ignorable oil spill risks in Dalian new port with the rapid development of the shipping industry in this area.(3) risk prevention measures are put forward from the aspects of improving port management system, strengthening supervision and management, enhancing transportation condition and improving staff professional quality, etc., thus providing scientific basis for reducing serious impacts of oil spill accidents on marine environment and ecological environment near Dalian new port.