Study On The Fruit Shape And Chemical Composition And Quality Standard Of Elaeagnus Moorcroftii Fruit

To Study the biological characteristics, chemical compositions and pharmacological action in Uygur medicine fruit of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang, and measure its appearance quality and intrinsic quality. To provide a basis in the field of medicine and food for Elaeagnus angustifolia, lay the foundation of developing its value and resources rationally and improving the comprehensive utilization. Methods: Using chemical experiment method to analysis the chemical composition of Elaeagnus angustifolia in water extraction, ethanol extraction and petroleum ether extraction. Original plant identification,morphologoical and microscopic identification were applied to explore biological characteristics in Elaeagnus angustifolia.Applied ultrasonic extraction to extract polyphenols,polysaccharide and amino composition,and then their contents were determined by colorimetry.The content of Flavonoid constituent in Elaeagnus angustifolia were measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Result: Extract chemical compounds of Elaeagnus angustifolia with water extraction, ethanol extraction and petroleum ether extraction. And then all kinds of ingredients were identified by chromogenic reaction, precipitation reaction and fluorescence properties, chromatography method and so on. Elaeagnus angustifolia contains the chemical component carbohydrate, amino acids, peptides, peptides, proteins, flavonoids, anthraquinone, phenolic compounds and tannins, organic acids, alkaloids, lactones, coumarins, cardiac glycosides and steroidal saponins, triterpenoid saponins and grease. With the methods of original plant identification, morphologoical and microscopic identification,the shape, size, color, surface, the top, bottom, spurious drupe and texture of Elaeagnus angustifolia samples were analysed. Permeabilized powder of the samples with chloral hydrate and observed tissue characteristics with digital photographic microscope to show many starch grains with Changeful forms,circular or oval,3 ~ 5 mm in diameter;palea,fiber which is linear with 2 ~ 4 mm in diameter; spiral vessel and pitted vessel. With gallic acid as reference substance, using the Folin Ciocalteu-colorimetric method to determine the polyphenol average contents of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang were 17.35 mg/g and 7.86 mg/g. With glucose as reference substance, using the Colorimetry of anthrone-sulfuric acid to measure average contents of polysaccharide of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang were 7.86 mg/g and 91.7 mg/g. With l-aspartate as reference substance, using the ninhydrin colorimetry method to measure average contents of amino acidof Elaeagnus angustifolia L. from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang were 17.2 mg/g and 31.0 mg/g. The results show that the two batches of different origin of polyphenol, polysaccharide and amino acids have differences, the polysaccharide content is higher, the polyphenols content is relatively low. Using HPLC method for determination of quercetin and isorhamnetin of Elaeagnus angustifolia,the 370 nm as the detection wavelength, methanol(58) : 42-0.1% phosphoric acid solution of chromatographic conditions as the mobile phase, which is better to isolate quercetin and isorhamnetin. With quercetin and isorhamnetin as reference substance to make standard curve. The peak area of quercetin and isorhamnetin were ordinate(Y) respectively, the quality of corresponding the reference ubstances were abscissa(X) respectively, and regression equation were Y=7272.5X-1.76(r=0.9998)and Y=1419.2X-4.02(r=0.9995);linearity range were 0.016-0.032 ?g and 0.025-0.075 ?g. The relative standard deviation(RSD) of peak areas of quercetin and isorhamnetin were 0.36% and 0.67%. Elaeagnus angustifolia samples from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang were made into test solution, stability was 5h, preparation methods have good repeatability and accuracy. The quercetin average contents of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang were 0.2350C/ mg·g-1(RSD=0.79%) and 0.2250C/ mg·g-1(RSD=1.90%);The isorhamnetin average contents were 0.6264 C/ mg·g-1(RSD=0.51%) and 0.3701 C/ mg·g-1(RSD=1.66%).Conclusion:The chemical experiment method indicated chemical compositions in fruit of Elaeagnus angustifolia from Changji and Hami in Xinjiang, which laid the foundation of study,development and utilization of active substances. Original plant identification, morphologoical and microscopic identification provide reference for study, evelopment and ultilization of Elaeagnus angustifolia.The determination of polyphenols,polysaccharide and amino composition laid fundamentals and references in some chemical and pharmacologiocal mechanism for development of Elaeagnus angustifolia. The result of determining quercetin and isorhamnetin by HPLC provide analysis data for developing the medicinal value of flavonoids ingredients in Elaeagnus angustifolia.