| The mainly exposed strata of Kongtong Mountain Danxia landform are Triassic Yanchang Group and Cretaceous Sanqiao Formation.These two formations are both thick and continental coarse clastic rocks,Through the external geological forces,the formation of youth and mature Danxia landforms is formed.The different Danxia cave are made up of the unique cave landscape on cliff in Houxia Kongtong Mountain.This paper analyzes and discusses the distribution regularity,type classification and formation reasons of Danxia caves in the Houxia Kongtong Mountain through field surveys and related laboratory experiments.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Using GIS technology,the cave coordinates of the field surveys were combined with stratigraphy,slope direction and altitude to analyze the distribution pattern of Danxia Caves in Kongtong Mountain and obtained: on the ground floor,the Danxia Cave is mainly developed in the Cretaceous strata,and a few are distributed in the Triassic and;slope upwards,most of the caves are concentrated in the east,south,southwest and west;at altitude,80% of the caves are distributed at heights of 1625 to 1850 m.(2)The classification of Danxia caves is mainly divided by scale,morphology and genesis.According to the scale,the cave is divided into monolithic caves,caverns,and rock troughs.On the basis of the scale,the caves were further divided into 10 sub-categories according to the form.According to the cause,the Danxia Cave is divided into caves formed mainly by wind erosion,caves formed by joints and fissures as the main controlling factors,caves formed mainly by dissolution,and caves dominated by erosion.(3)The developmental factors controlling the Danxia caves in Kongtong Mountain were analyzed from three aspects: the influence of lithological components and cement on the development of Danxia caves,the control of joints and cracks on the morphology of Danxia caves;the influence of weak interlayer and fissure water on the development of Danxia cave.(4)The analysis of the causes of Danxia caves combined with the basis of Danxia cave classification.Discussion on the Causes of Formation of Caves from Three Perspectives.Weathered erosion is the main external force,water erosion,gravity and joint fissures control the shape of the cave.Water erosion dominates,and joint fractures,gravity,and weathering are the controlling factors for the shape and development position of the cave.Gravity collapse and accumulation play a dominant role,and weathering and water erosion are pave the way. |
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