The Behavior Rhythm And Activity Range Of Overwintering Period Tundra Swans(Cygnus Columbianus) In East Dongting Lake

This paper mainly studies the behavior rhythm and activity range of the overwintering period tundra swans in East Dongting Lake.In order to enhance the understanding of the overwintering period behavior,geographical distribution and activity of tundra swans,the paper choose the wintering tundra swans in East Dongting Lake as the study object.By using remote sensing technology,field investigation and satellite tracking and other means,the paper explores the environmental changes of the Dongting Lake and the change of the rhythm and activity range of the tundra swan.The results are as follows:The major habitat types include seven categories: harvested reed beach,reed beach,tender marsh land,marsh land,mudflat,woodland and water.In the overwintering period of East Dongting Lake,the extent of landscape fragmentation intensified,the dominance decreased and the landscape shape became complicated,so the controlling effect of the landscape advantage category on the landscape is weakened.The water level of Dongting Lake in winter decreased and the temperature decreased first and then increased.There was no significant difference in the behavior between adult and larva tundra swans.According to the hourly statistical analysis,there were significant differences in the behavior of open wings between adults and larva tundra swans(P<0.05).Combining the adult and larva tundra swans behavior,the result showed that only preening and standing was positively correlated.In addition,the rescued swans have more behavior types than wild tundra swans,but less social behavior which include foraging,preening,standing and sleeping.There are three peak periods at morning,afternoon,and evening of feeding;exercise occurred in the morning,cleaning occurred at noon and resting occurred at afternoon more frequently;alert was associated with feeding.The main habitats of the overwintering period tundra swans in East Dongting Lake were reed beach,tender marsh land and water.The activity range of tundra swans in the day is greater than at night,morning is greater than dusk.In East Dongting Lake,the activity range of tundra swans in overwintering period was negatively correlated with water level,temperature and precipitation.The results of the study demonstrated overwintering period behavior,geographical distribution and activity of the overwintering period tundra swans in East Dongting Lake more comprehensively and provide effective strategies for the protection of the tundra swans.