Research On Planning Of Urban Hydrometric Station Network Distribution

Hydrology is the basis of water conservancy work,and it is the basic premise for solving problems such as flood prevention and mitigation,shortage of water resources,and aquatic ecological environment.The hydrological station network is the foundation of hydrological work and the basic site for collecting hydrological information.For a long time,hydrological stations were mainly deployed on rivers and lakes,and basins or regions served as targets of service for planning.However,as urbanization rates continue to increase,urban water supply security,flood defense levels,and environmental capacity of water resources all face increasing challenges.As the urban population is relatively concentrated and the economy is developed,whether it is flood disasters,urban water shortages,or the destruction of water environment and water ecology,it will bring serious losses to people's lives and socio-economic development.Therefore,it is an urgent problem to be solved in today's social development to rationally plan the urban hydrological station network and ensure the social economic development and people's life and property safety to the maximum.In view of the rapid development of Liaocheng City and the weak monitoring facilities in the urban hydrology station network,the urban area has expanded rapidly,the area of impervious water in the urban area has continuously increased,and the hydrological infrastructure in the urban area is basically blank.The monitoring methods and means of water level,rainfall,and flow rate are behind and automated.Low level and poor timeliness,once heavy rains are bound to cause serious water accumulation,it is still unable to meet the needs of emergency monitoring of public water emergencies in the current society,causing great inconvenience to the people's production and life,thus constraining the timeliness of hydrological services and accuracy.In order to solve the current situation in Liaocheng,it is necessary to carry out overall planning and overall arrangements for the existing hydrological network,and on the basis of meeting the requirements for water conservancy work such as flood control and drought relief,water conservancy planning,and water resources management,build a focus on urban flood prevention.Urban hydrological monitoring system to improve the capacity of hydrology and water resources monitoring,and to establish a hydrological station grid bureau adapted to economic and social development and water conservancy construction,to ensure the orderly development of urban hydrological work in Liaocheng,and provide high-quality hydrological information services for decision-making departments at all levels.This article takes Liaocheng city as the research object,and mainly conducts the following researches:(1)Analysis of the current situation of the Liaocheng hydrological station network:The monitoring of the hydrological network in the urban area of Liaocheng City is weak.There are only 6 rainfall stations serving flood prevention in the urban area,and only 4 of the city's main watercourses are located in the Tuotuo River.There is one Liaocheng Hydrological Station,and the other hydrological stations do not have corresponding hydrological facilities.Based on the analysis of the status quo,the types of station networks that need to be improved in Liaocheng urban area are rainfall stations,evaporation stations,water level stations,groundwater observation stations and water quality monitoring sections to meet the timeliness and accuracy of urban hydrology information collection.The diverse needs provide the most basic data for urban flood prevention.(2)Based on the existing hydrological network planning,determine the planning scope and planning period:Scope of planning:In conjunction with the administrative boundaries and the infrastructure lines of highways and urban roads,the planning scope of the central city of Liaocheng City has been delimited recently.From the north to the outer ring of Liaocheng City in the north,the Dezhou-Shanghai Expressway to the west,the trunk canal to the east and the south to the planning.South Outer Ring Road,with a total area of 386.5km2.Planning period:The current year level is 2015,and the planning year is 2020.(3)According to the current situation of the Liaocheng hydrological monitoring station network,the principle,planning scheme and construction content of the Liaocheng hydrological monitoring station network adjustment and optimization are proposed.According to the specific conditions and different requirements of various monitoring station networks,a rainfall station is proposed.,Evaporation station,water level station,groundwater observation station,water quality monitoring section optimization and adjustment program.Rainfall station:The advantages and disadvantages of the integrated pumping station method,the stormwater central control area method and the cone method,and the selection of the cone method combined with the"Technical Guidelines for Hydrological Station Network Planning"(SL 34-2013)to obtain the layout of the rainfall station network.The spacing is7.27km,the deployment density is 6 stations/100km~2,there are 6 rainfall stations and 17rainfall stations are added.Evaporation station:Based on the principle of making full use of the site,an evaporation observation project was added to the Liaocheng hydrological station.Water level station:According to the current situation of urban flood prevention in Liaocheng City,there are already 1 watercourses and lake water level stations in Liaocheng City,with 11 new ones added;9 new water monitoring stations in urban low-lying road areas have been added;5 places.Groundwater observing station:The planning layout of groundwater observation wells is combined with the Kriging interpolation method and the“Groundwater Monitoring Code”(SL183-2005).The planning of the groundwater observatory is based on the Kriging interpolation method,and Kriging/CoKriging in the Geostatistic Wizard is used to implement the Kriging interpolation in the ArcGIS geostatistical module,and a groundwater level interpolation prediction map is generated in the Arcgis software,according to the interpolation diagram and the discussion.The current situation of groundwater observation wells in urban areas is to lay out groundwater observation wells,focus on monitoring areas with high levels of groundwater development,reconstruct eight observation wells in the planning area,and add another 16 observation wells for groundwater level.Water Quality Monitoring Section:In line with the principle of economy and efficiency,a water quality inspection laboratory is set up in the urban area of Liaocheng,and 10 water quality monitoring sections are set up within the urban area to strengthen water quality monitoring in the urban areas of Liaocheng City.(4)Analyze the planning results of the Liaocheng urban hydrological station network,improve the urban station network,provide protection for the hydrological and hydrological information collection in the Liaocheng city,and establish a comprehensive monitoring system for the urban hydrology station network.Through the planning of the Liaocheng urban hydrological station network,the watershed network planning method will be combined with the current situation in the city,and the hydrological network system conforming to the urban hydrological monitoring will be planned according to the characteristics and status of the city.