Study On Heat-wave Hazard Planning Strategies In High-density Urban Centers

Extreme heat wave is under the background of global warming,and is both the most typical and widely impactive disaster.Different from the traditional city disaster,which will quickly cause strong damage to the physical environment,extreme heat waves is like a silent killer,can cause a serious threat to residents' health.According to the US National Weather Service,in all of the meteorological disasters,heat wave caused the most deaths.This study focused on the city's most vulnerable area—high density urban center.Study heatwave disaster prevention strategy can provide a strong support for the sustainable development of green-city.The core sections of this study consists of two parts: Theory study and case study.The theoretical part: Firstly,summary the theoretical study achievements at home and abroad,and mainly focus on the planning practice of heatwave disaster in cities of UK,and North America.Then,put forward to build a strategy system for heatwave hazard of high-density urban center,based on lessons from theoretical and practical experience at home and abroad.The case study part is mainly to apply the above theoretical strategy in practice.Hongkou District,the core region in Shanghai,is selected as research object.Based on the research of Hongkou heatwave hazard risk distribution,the study choose the area of highest hazard risk as the scope of the application research of detailed design strategy.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:In the part of Theory study,the research put forward to construct a strategy system for heatwave hazard of high-density urban center,from these three aspects: long-term strategy,emergency strategy,and heatwave hazard risk distribution.Construction of disaster prevention system from the two aspects of the "normal" and "emergency" :on one hand,take the heatwave hazard prevention strategies as normal and long-time parts of the city's climate action plan,general plan and urban design,to enhance resilience of the entire city.On the other hand,from the view of emergency management,establish an multi-subjects emergency planning frame work to monitor hazard situation,and standardize the responsibilities of the relevant institutions in hazard period,and also to universal hazard prevention education for the public.The research on heatwave hazard risk distribution can help to locate the area of most vulnerable residents,so both the long-term and emergency prevention strategies can be targeted more efficiently and precisely,which can optimize the allocation of planning resources and importantly meaningful for high-density urban center.In the part of case study,with the help of geographic information systems,infrared remote sensing image,ans ENVI platform,the research analysis the heatwave hazard risk distribution of Hongkou District.Generally,the distribution showed a decreasing trend from south to north,high risk areas are mainly concentrated in historical old residential areas which are scattered around Road Zhoujiazui.The research chose the highest risk area in northeastern part of Tilanqiao block to continue the design and application of detailed hazard prevention strategies.