Taxonomy And Molecular Phylogeny Of Hebeloma And Alnicola(Strophariaceae) In China

Polyphasic taxonomy —the method of fungal taxonomy based on both morphological and molecular study—has been the major method in recent years.We adopted the methods in this study for the taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of Hebeloma and Alnicola(Strophariaceae)in China,proposed to revise,perfect,accomplish,and supplement the study based on the predecessors’ work.One hundred and sixty specimens in Herbarium of Cryptogams,Kunming Institute of Botany Academy of Science(HKAS)and Herbarium of Mycological Institute of Jilin Agriculture University(HMJAU)were studied.Among them 138 specimens were collected by the author,and studied by microscopic.The morphological descriptions and line drawing of Hebeloma and Alnicola were carried out.SEM(scanning electron microscope)observations and keys to species are also provided.In the 15 additional descriptions: ten taxa are classified into the genus Hebeloma,containing 6 new records to China: H.dunense L.Corb.& R.Heim,H.oreophilum Beker & U.Eberhardt,H.incarnatulum A.H.Sm.,H.velutipes Bruchet,Bull.,H.alpinum(J.Favre)Bruchet,H.pseudofragilipes Beker,Vesterh.& U.Eberhardt.Five taxa are divided into the genus Alnicola,and four species were first report to China: A.badia Kühner,A.luteolofibrillosa Kühner,A.inculta(Peck)Singer,A.umbrina(R.Maire)Kühner.MrBayes 3.2.6 was employed in phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequence,species of Strophariaceae s.str.and Hymenogastraceae were served as outgroup.The result showed that Hebeloma and Alnicola have a very closed relationship,and confirmed the morphology study results.