Study On Chemical Composition Of Six Species From Rosaceae

There are many medicinal plants in the Rosaceae,such as various raspberries and hawthorns.This is due to Rosaceae contains a variety of chemical composition,including cyanide,phenols,flavonoids and organic acids.In this study,the total flavonoid content and their antioxidant activity of four kinds of shanzha(Crataegus sanguine Pall.,Crataegus chlorocarpa Lenne et C.,Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.and Crataegus pinnatifida var.major N.E.Br.)were investigated.In addition,6 compounds were isolated and identified from Rubus idaeus L.and Rubus caesius L.Furthermore,protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B(PTP1B)inhibitory activities of six isolated compounds were evaluated.This study will provide a reference for searching active ingredients with lower toxicity and higher activity from edible plants,and will provide a scientific basis for the full use of Rosaceae plant resources in Xinjiang.First,the extraction conditions of total flavonoid content from four kinds of hawrhorn fruits were optimized by single factor experiments(including different solvents,ethanol concentration,extraction temperature,extraction time and solid-liquid ratio)and an orthogonal array design.The optimal extraction conditions were as follows : 90?,30 min,40% ethanol,and solid-liquid ratio of 1:40.The antioxidant activity of flavonoids extracts was determined by 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)(ABTS),1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging assays.The results showed significant correlation between antioxidant activity and total flavonoids content,(?ABTS=0.955,?DPPH=0.992,P=0.05).The ranking order of total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity in four kinds of hawthorn fruits were as follows: Crataegus pinnatifida var.major N.E.Br.> Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.> Crataegus chlorocarpa Lenne et C.> Crataegus sanguine Pall..With purity of total flavonoids as index,13 macroporous resins for the adsorption and separation of total flavonoids were compared.And the purification process of total flavonoids was optimized by screening flow velocity of sample,ratio of diameter and height of resin column,concentration of eluents(ethanol).And the optimal purification process was as follows: flow velocity of sample 0.84 m L/min,ratio of diameter and height of resin column 1:4,after reaching adsorption balance,dynamically eluted with 40%ethanol.After separated and purified by HPD722 resin,the total flavonoids content,hyperoside,rutin and antioxidant capacity inof four kinds of hawthorn fruits were significantly improved.The contents of total flavonoids in Crataegus sanguine,Crataegus chlorocarpa,Crataegus pinnatifida,Crataegus pinnatifida var were increased by 1.9,2.6,3.3,2.8 times respectively;the content of rutin increased by 5.1,4.9,2.8,2.4 times and the content of hyperoside increased by 2.6,2.8,2.9 and 3.7 times;ABTS scavenging ability increased by 2.6,2.0,2.2,2.0 times,DPPH scavenging ability increased by 2.0,2.8,4.0,4.6 times.These results demonstrated that the total flavonoids of four Crataegus L.fruits can be effectively purified and enriched by HPD-722 macroporous resin.The chemical composition of Rubus caesius and Rubus caesius were studied.The leaves,fruits of Rubus idaeus and stems,leaves of Rubus caesius were extracted by methanol.Then the different polar fractions were prepared,which include petroleum ether fraction,ethyl acetate fraction,n-butanol fraction and water fraction.The PTP1 B inhibitory activity of these different fractions were screened,and the ethyl acetate fraction of Rubus idaeus and Rubus caesius showed higher PTP1 B inhibitory activity.Then the active fractions were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,HPLC semi-preparative chromatography.The structures of isolated compounds were determined by their physical,chemical properties and spectroscopic methods(MS,1H NMR,13 C NMR).In total,6 compounds were isolated from Rubus caesius and Rubus idaeus,including apigenin-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(1)from stems of Rubus caesius and ellagic acid(2)from leaves of Rubus caesius;a-Sophora(3),isoquercitrin(4),quercetin 3-O-?-D-arabinose(5)from leaves of Rubus idaeus and delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside(6)from fruits of Rubus idaeus.Among them,compound(1)and(2)were isolated from Rubus caesius for the first time.The results of this study showed that the four kinds of hawthorn fruits have high total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity,and Rubus caesius and Rubus idaeus have high PTP1 B inhibitory activity.These six kinds of plants from Rosaceae are widely distributed in Xinjiang.In-depth study on the chemical composition and biological activity of these six plants is expected to find hypoglycemic ingredients with high efficient and low toxicity.It will provide a scientific basis for the full use of edible plants from Rosaceae in Xinjiang.