Qualitative Study Of Home Range And Habitat Analysis Of Wild Camel (Camelus Ferus) In Mongolia

Wild Camels(Camelus ferus)are extremely endangered species in global world.Currently wild camel only distribute in southern Mongolia and northern China.The distribution is very narrow and the global population is less than 1000 peaks.Mongolian Great Gobi A Strictly Protected Area located in China and Mongolia is main distribution area of wild camel,however,there are few studies on the living conditions and habitats of wild camel in this area.Based on the analysis of the suitable habitat of wild camel based on GPS satellite tracking collar,remote sensing technique and niche model,this paper analyzes the habitat distribution of wild camel,the migration habit,the habitat information and the suitable habitat of wild camel.The main conclusions of research are as follows:(1)From 2013 to 2016,in the Mongolian Great Gobi A Strictly Protected Area for the 6 wild camels installed GPS satellite tracking collar.Through the GPS tracking data results,wild camel are mainly active in the Transaltai Gobi and Atas Mountain.The 100% MCP area of the wild camel is between 631-31,723 km2,accounting for 34.7% of the protected area.Individual household area seasonal differences were significant.The largest in spring,followed by autumn and winter,the smallest in summer.The study also found that there was a significant migration behavior in different seasons.(2)The total area of the wild camel in the breeding season is 38,865.57 km2 and 41,558.94 km2 in the non-breeding time.The range of non-breeding time activity is slightly higher than the breeding season.There are overlapping degrees of overlap in the range of the whole family,and the overlapping area is between 405.24km2-13,760.28km2,and the overlap between individuals is a common phenomenon.The migration of wild camel has both the north-south direction of the Altai Gobi and the east-west reciprocating east of the Edren mountain range,and there is a clear seasonal migration habit,but there is a wide difference between individuals.The temper of wild camels are alert and vulnerable to external stimuli.After being shocked,they can move 184 km in a day.(3)Using remote sensing technology to extract quantitative information of desertification in the study area.Using the MODIS image to obtain the albedo and NDVI of the study area,using the correlation between them,the Albedo-NDVI feature space is established,and the desertification index model is constructed.Research shows that Mongolia Great Gobi A reserve the majority in the severe desert area,and in the 4 years between 2013 and 2016,severe and extremely severe desertification area has increased significantly,not desertification and mild desertification area decreased.(4)Under the support of GIS spatial technology,the satellite tracking data was selected as the geographical distribution data,and the terrain,water system,climate,vegetation and human disturbance factors were selected as the environmental variable data.The niche model MAXENT was used to protect the SPA Evaluation of habitat suitability of wild camel.The results show that the four factors of water source,elevation,mining area and residential area have important influence on the habitat selection of wild camel.The suitable habitat of the wild camel is mainly distributed in the Mongolian outer Altai Gobi,the Ata Mountain area,the southern part of the Edren Mountain range and the west side of the Tasagaan Mountains,with an area of about 31591.89km2.The study shows that human activities,climate and terrain factors will greatly affect the habitat selection and migration behavior of wild camel.