Study On The Environmental Factors Of Lung Cancer In China Based On GIS And Remote Sensing

In recent years,with the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard,great changes have taken place in eating habits,life rhythm and lifestyle.At the same time,the environmental pollution caused by rapid industrialization is becoming more and more serious,especially for the deterioration of water,soil,atmosphere and other environmental factors.All these have adverse effects on human living conditions,and are directly manifested as the response of human diseases.Since 2004,a large scale of disease screening has been carried out nationwide.The results show that the disease spectrum has changed greatly in our country,and the malignant tumor represented by lung cancer has become the main form of disease.The burden of disease caused by lung cancer has been paid much attention by many governments.The trend of high incidence of lung cancer makes people realize that to solve the problem of cancer cannot just rely on the breakthrough in the medical technology,but also in the prevention of cancer.The occurrence of tumor has been proved to be closely related to geographical environment and environmental pollution.Therefore,the screening of the response factors related to lung cancer in the ecological environment will play an important role in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.GIS has strong capabilities of spatial analysis and data management,and satellite remote sensing technology can be relatively low cost in rapid access to a large range,long time series,high precision ecological environment data.By remote sensing and GIS technology,this paper tries to screen the factors which have significant influence on the incidence of lung cancer from the perspective of ecological environment,so as to provide the basis for the ecological control of lung cancer.Based on the satellite remote sensing image in this paper,the vegetation index and atmospheric pollutant(SO2,NO2,AOD)were obtained,and a neural network model was used to retrieve PM2.5 from AOD.The climatic data were obtained from meteorological observation station,including temperature,air pressure,relative humidity and precipitation.The climatic factors of all study area were calculated by interpolation model.Lung cancer incidence in China comes from “Chinese cancer registry annual report”,and then the characteristics of lung cancer in China were analyzed from the perspective of space and time.Using the least square method,the relationship between the incidence of lung cancer and the response factors between 2006 and 2009 was analyzed.Based on the results of ordinary linear regression and spatial regression,the best regression model is selected,which was used to screen out statistically significant influencing factors.Finally,the influence of response factors on lung cancer of 2006 and 2009 was analyzed by grey relational model.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The incidence rate of lung cancer in urban areas of China is generally higher than that in rural areas and males are higher than females.The incidence rate and proportion are also increasing year by year.Lung cancer showed a spatial clustered pattern where the high incidence areas are mainly distributed in the northeast,Beijing,Wuhan,Yangtze River Delta and Chengdu Chongqing region and the low incidence areas are distributed in the central and Western provinces.There are also some differences in the spatial distribution of lung cancer incidence between men and women.The high incidence area of male is mainly located in the northeast and the Yangtze River delta and the female are in Northeast china.The cancer registration areas with negative growth in the incidence of lung cancer are mainly distributed in Jiangsu,Hunan and Guangdong,while the positive growth areas are mainly distributed in the northeast,Beijing,Yangtze River Delta,especially the Central Plains area is the most significantly.In the time dimension,the incidence of lung cancer in male and female increased with the increase of NO2,SO2 and PM2.5,and decrease with the increased of NDVI during the period of 2006-2009.(2)The regression results show that the SEM model is suitable for spatial regression analysis.Results showed that the incidence of lung cancer increased with the increase of NO2(?=0.8,p<0.05)?SO2(?=0.59,p<0.01)?PM2.5(?=0.13,p<0.01)and relative humidity(?=7.37,p<0.05),and decreased with the increase of precipitation(?=-0.62,p<0.05)?NDVI(?=-0.18,p<0.01).The regression analysis of temperature and air pressure showed that the relevance to incidence of lung cancer was not statistically significant(p>0.05).(3)There are only 6 factors(NO2,SO2,PM2.5,relative humidity,precipitation,NDVI)are closely related to incidence of lung cancer with statistically significant.The results of grey relational analysis showed that the effects of various factors on the incidence of lung cancer were different in different years.On the whole,NDVI has the greatest impact on the incidence of lung cancer in men and women,and the lowest is relative humidity.In terms of atmospheric pollutants,the influence of SO2 on the incidence of lung cancer in men and women was the largest,followed by NO2,PM2.5.By comparison,the impact of precipitation is small.