Effects Of Mobile Phone Radiation On The Structure Of Testis And Sperm Motility In Mice

Mobile phone is becoming the most important communication tool in our life.If the mobile phone could affect our health,that the mobile phone can produce radiation when it is being used,has aroused widespread concern in the society.With the sensitivity of the reproductive system such as testis,it is more vulnerable to be damaged by other factors,so it is always the focus of researches.However,there is little research about the impact on the reproductive system by mobile phone radiation.And in the previous studies,the influence of the mobile phone on the testis has got different,even contrary results,so it is necessary to further study.Objective: The aim of this research is to explore the effects of mobile phone radiation on the testis and its possible mechanism,and to provide a theoretical basis for the use of mobile phones in our lives with a more reasonable and healthy way.Methods: Two 4G mobile phones were selected and the device of mobile phone radiation was made by myself for this research.60 30-day-old male mice were chosen as objects of this study.After being regularly fed under indoor temperature for one week to insure that the mice had adopted to the environment,and divided them into 4 groups randomly,as mobile phone radiation for 3h/d,2h/d,1h/d and control groups.Each group had 15 mice,and gave mobile phone radiation(in the state of be called but not connected)at fixed time everyday,they put to death at 31 st day.Then the epididymis and testis were taken from each mouse for test.The sperm motility,SOD and the activity of MDA were detected respectively.Through the method of HE,the hitopathological changes of the testis were observed.The disposition and expression of Bcl-2,CYP11A1 and Catsper1 were investigated by using methods of immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence and western blotting,and the mRNA level of Bcl-2,CYP11A1 and Catsper1 were tested in the testis by RT-PCR.Results:1.The results showed that there was no significant decrease in sperm content in the 1h and 2h groups compared with the control group,and the sperm motility was not significantly reduced,too.However,compared with the control group,the number of sperm in the 3h group was decreased evidently,and the activity of the sperm was significantly reduced(P<0.01).2.Research showed that the SOD activity in 3h group was decreased compared with the control group,also as the content of MDA(P<0.01).In 1h and 2h groups had no significant difference with the control group.3.The results of HE staining showed that there was no obvious pathological changes of testis in 1h,2h,3h groups compared with control group.All seminiferous tubules had structural integrity clearly.As for sperm cells at all levels and sertoli cells,there was no evident changes.4.Bcl-2 expressed in cytoplasm of Leydig cell and sperm cells at all levels from the results of immunohistochemistry.The expression of Bcl-2 decreased significantly in 2h and 3h groups and there was no statistically difference in 1h group compared with the control group.The expression of CYP11A1 were distribute in cytoplasm of Leydig cell.The expression of CYP11A1 in 3h group was significantly decreased compared with the control group.The expressing region of catsper1 is in cytoplasm of Leydig cell.The expressin of catsper1 in 1h and 3h groups decreased significantly compared with the control group.5.The results of real time fluorescent quantitative showed that mobile phone radiation can not only reduce the expression of protein,but also caused a decrease in the mRNA level of Bcl-2,CYP11A1 catsper1.6.Western blotting also be used to detecting protein expressing level of Bcl-2,CYP11A1 and catsper1 to testify the content of expression detected by immunohistochemistry.The result showed that the different time of mobile phone radiation has resulted in the expression of Bcl-2,CYP11A1 and catsper1 protein decreased in different degree.Conclusion: Mobile phone radiation may injure testis by reduce sperm production and sperm motility,produce oxygen free radicals and influence the level of transcription and translation of some key signaling proteins.