Effects Of Mobile Phone Radiation On Cardiovascular Development In Chick Embryo

Mobile phones (MP) have been serving life and works of the humanity in various fields. But so far, the potentially harmful effects of which on human health remain controversial, and the mechanism is still unknown.Objective:We design models of actual GSM MP- exposed heart development in chick embryo, from the biochemical, histological and morphology level, DNA and protein level to demonstrate the biological damage effects of MP radiation more comprehensively, and further to provide scientific evidences for the precautions.Methods:The fertile chicken eggs were divided into Control group and Radiation group randomly and evenly. The latter was exposed by GSM mobile phones (900/1,900 MHz; SAR- 1.07W/kg) repeatedly calling 3h per day over the entire period of incubation (Days 2-21). Light microscope, electron microscope techniques, single cell gel electrophoresis, Western blot, morphological measurement of vascular wall thickness and blood test were used to study the effects.Results:(1) Effects of MP radiation on histology:As found that Radiation group had no obvious lesion changes in early embryo development, on D10 and D13, the distribution of lipid droplet increased significantly compared to Control. During Day 15 to Day 21, exposure to MP caused myofilament disruption, atrioventricular valve focal necrosis, mitochondrium deformation and vacuolization and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in atrial muscle decreased significantly. (2) Effects of MP radiation on DNA:On D15, the tail area in blood cells of chick embryo heart in the Radiation group was significantly higher than that in Control (p<0.01), it shows DNA strand breaks damage was found in Radiation. (3) Effects of MP radiation on the level of Chk1:Chk1 level was much higher in heart and no significant difference between the Control and Radiation during early and middle embryo stages, however, on D21 Chk1 expression was only in Radiation group. (4) Effects of MP radiation on vascular wall thickness:As found that the arterial wall thickness of Radiation group had no statistical difference compared with the control in early embryo development; on D13, the arterial wall thickness of brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery was significantly thicker (P<0.05) than the Control, showed irritability; but with the development of mature, vascular tolerance increased, then the arterial wall thickness of Radiation had returned to normal levels, had no statistical difference compared with the control. (5) Effects of MP radiation on hematology:in Radiation group the red blood cells, hemoglobin and the average platelet volume appeared a slight increase, different responses in leukocyte, showed Neutrophil ratio decrease, Lymphocyte ratio and Median cell ratio increase. MP radiation changed the body's immune response.Conclusions:The present findings suggest that dose of MP radiation can result in body's immune response change, microscopic structure and ultra-structure pathological changes of myocardium, and induce DNA damages; and the level of Chkl increases significantly played an important role in the DNA repairing and cell apoptosis process; MP radiation was less influence on vascular development, induced the artery of heart thicker in mid-embryonic development stages, but with the development of mature, vascular streets damage could be restored, the arterial wall thickness of Radiation had returned to normal levels.