The Research On Economic Efficiency Of Chinese Listed Distant-water Fishery Enterprises-Based On DEA-Malmquist Index

The distant-water fishery industry is a significant component of ocean economy which involves with maritime rights and interests、economic benefits、food supply security 、resources and diplomatic strategies and so on of our country. Although the development history of distant-water fishery industry is not long,but it is an important component of Chinese fishery economy which becomes a vital supplement of Chinese traditional fishery. Along with the increasingly deficient of coastal water resources and decayed fishing condition, the development of distant-water fishery seems to be particularly important. The research on economic efficiency of Chinese distant-water fishery enterprises can indicate the development directions for them. With the promotion of Chinese distant-water fishery enterprises’ competitiveness, it will give full play to the positive effects of the industry.In this paper, the economic efficiency of Chinese distant-water fishery enterprises is the major object of study. Firstly, by using the model of Data Envelopment Analysis, empirical analysis was conducted by utilizing the input and output data of three listed distant-water fishery enterprises within 35 years, and the scale economic efficiency、pure technological efficiency and comprehensive technological efficiency were calculated. The results showed that the overall coefficient of scale economy of distant-water fishery enterprises in China was relatively high while the effect of scale economy hadn’t been brought into full play. At the same time, comprehensive technological efficiency of distant-water fishery enterprises was relatively low, which was not good for the enterprises’ scale economic efficiency and formed restriction to the production and operation efficiency of enterprises. The labor costs of distant-water fishery enterprises were relatively high, with labor input surplus and output deficiency at the same time, which resulted in the structure of input factors unreasonably. By projection analysis of non-DEA efficient unit, we can find out the direction and improvement ways for distant-water fishery enterprises to improve their economic efficiency and reach efficient DEA. Then another empirical analysis about the influence factors of Chinese distant-water fishery enterprises’ efficiency was down by utilizing the method of grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the correlations between cash payments to employees、net value of fixed assets、main business cost and the efficiency of listed distant-water fishery enterprises are remarkably. The correlation between net value of fixed assets and three categories of efficiency are the largest while the correlation between cash payments to employees and scale efficiency is relatively large. Lastly, the dynamical economic efficiency of Chinese listed distant-water fishery enterprises was measured and analyzed by using the model of DEA-Malmquist Index. The results showed that the economic efficiency of Chinese distant-water fishery enterprises was declining which was measured by the M index whose value was less than one. The change rate of scale efficiency and comprehensive technological efficiency of distant-water fishery enterprises were less than one(0.601), which are detrimental to the promotion of enterprises’ economic efficiency. The change rate of technology is slightly larger than one,its positive effect in promoting enterprises’ economic efficiency is quite limited. The proposals are as follows. Accelerating and putting forward the technical innovation of distant-water fishery enterprises so as to improve the engineering level of them. Adjusting the labor force input level and promoting the comprehensive quality of them so as to make full use of distant-water fishery enterprises’ labor forces. Identifying the developing status of the enterprises and rectifying the scales of them so as to give full play to the scale economies effect of the enterprises.