Study On The Coupling Relationship Between Land Use And Ecological Environment In Chongqing City

With the development of the economy and the acceleration of urbanization process in recent years, the scale of land resource that human exploited and used is wider and wider and the use degree is greater and greater, as a result human get a greater economic benefit from land-using. But the whole eco-environmental quality gets worse and worse result from the development of economy, which not only threatens the sustainable use of land resource but also has a threat on the development of human themselves. Chongqing city, as one of China’s municipalities directly under the central government, is the door of southwest china, is an important strategic fulcrum of Silk Road economic belt,is the axis center of west area in Yangtze River Economic Zone and also is the industry hinterland of maritime silk route, in a word, Chongqing is in an important strategic position, but also has some serious ecological problems, which has threatened the sustainable use of land use and society’s healthy development. Handling the coupling relationship of land-use and ecological environment correctly would be in favor of promoting the upgrade of industrial structure and transforming the way of economy development and have great significance for relieving the contradiction between land-use and ecological environment and advancing Chongqing’s sustainable development. This paper analyses the present situation, development history and development tendency of coupling relation between land-use and ecological environment. At last, according to the research, the author puts forward the countermeasure and suggestion about that of Chongqing city.Under the basic of summarizing and analyzing the study home and abroad, the paper takes Chongqing and its five functional areas as object of study, combines the physical truth of study area and chooses 26 evaluation indicators from the angle of influencing the coupling relation between land-use and ecological environment, and finally, constructs the evaluation indexes system. The author finishes the static coupled analysis between land-use and ecological environment of Chongqing’s five functional areas of 2014 by using the way of factor analysis, model of coupling degree, model of coupling degree of development, finally gets the comprehensive index, coupling degree and the types of coupling development of land-use and ecological environment of five functional areas. And the author also gets the comprehensive index, coupling degree and the types of coupling development of Chongqing’s 7 years’ land-use and ecological environment by doing a dynamic coupling analysis on the land-use and ecological environment of Chongqing from the year 2008 to the year 2014.(1) The difference of coupling degree of land-use and ecological environment of Chongqing’s five functional areas is obvious.(1)core zone with urban function has the feature of high level of economic development and great environmental protection strict, therefore, its level of land-use and ecological environment are highest compared with other functional zones, and its comprehensive index of land-use is 0.70,and the level of ecological environment is relatively low and in a hysteretic state, and the type of coupling development of land-use and ecological environment is the type of ecological environment lagging with the feature of middle harmonious development. The level of land-use in core zone with urban function is higher than the level of ecological environment, and the ecological environment lags, hence, its type of coupling development is the type of ecological environment lagging with the feature of primary harmonious development. The level of land-use in development area with urban function is relatively high, but the ecological environment here lags, hence, its type of coupling development is the type of environment lagging with the feature of reluctant harmonious development. The basic facilities in ecological conservation area of northeast of Chongqing is relatively poor, so its comprehensive index of land-use is 0.13,and the comprehensive index of ecological environment is 0.11, on the whole, the indexes and coordination degree are relatively low,so its type of coupling development is the type of ecological environment lagging on the verge of disorder. As the protection zone, development area for ecological protection in southeast of Chongqing gives priority to ecological protection, and its comprehensive index of land-use is 0.03, and the comprehensive index of ecological environment is 0.15, on the whole, the indexes lag and coordination degree are relatively low, so its type of coupling development is ecological environment lagging with the feature of disorder and recession.According to dynamic coupling analysis on the whole Chongqing city, the level of land-use and ecological environment show a rising tendency on the whole with the development of economy, but the coupling degree between land-use and ecological environment shows a descending trend,that’s because environmental protection is a long and slow process result from the acceleration of urbanization.2008-2009. The types of coupling development between land-use and ecological environment of 2008 and 2009 are the synchronous types of land-use and ecological environment with the feature of disorder and recession, and the year 2010 is the type of environment lagging with the feature of reluctant harmonious development, and the year 2011 and 2012 are the type of ecological environment lagging with the feature of primary harmonious development, and the year 2013 is the type of environment lagging with the feature of reluctant harmonious development, and the year 2014 is the type of ecological environment lagging with the feature of primary harmonious development. The type of coupling development between land-use and ecological environment of Chongqing develops from the type with disorder and recession to the type with primary harmonious development, which shows the coupling between land-use and ecological environment has a favorable development momentum, but the deficiency is that the level of ecological environment lags greatly behind the level of land-use, therefore, the gap of the coupling degree between land-use and ecological environment becomes wide gradually.The level of Chongqing’s land-use and ecological environment are predicted by the model gray system forecasting GM(1,1),and using this model to calculate its coupling degree, coupling degree of development and distinguish the type of coupling development. According to the results, the level of Chongqing’s land-use and ecological environment is improving gradually, and the rate of the level of land-use is relatively fast, and the level of ecological environment increases slowly, and the type of coupling development between land-use and ecological environment develops from primary coordination to middle coordination. According to the current level of development, Chongqing’s level of land-use would be subjected to the level of ecological environment if the level of ecological environment can’t be improved effectively.(4) According to the study results and aiming at Chongqing’s physical truth, some advance is be come up with in order to improve the coupling development between land-use and ecological environment :Firstly, developing circling economy and advancing sources’ comprehensive utilization; Secondly, increasing the dynamics of ecological construction and constructing ecological barrier system; Thirdly, constructing a friendly model of land-use.