Study On Cognition And Prevention Of Environmental Pollution By Pig Farmers In Different Scale In Jilin Province

Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese livestock husbandry industry has enjoyed a boom. Intensive and large-scale development is an inevitable course for livestock husbandry industry. Of the meat consumed by Chinese residents, pork makes up a considerable proportion. In 2012, the consumed pork per capita came to 18 kg, contributing 64.2% to the total meat consumption. As large-scale pig farming develops, people are trying to cut down farming costs and improve pig production. But at the same time, problems like environmental pollution and product contamination are increasingly prominent. In recent years, however, a series of problems, such as animal-to-human disease, over proof drug residue, water, air and soil pollution caused by pig excrement and so on, have attracted widespread concerns from all sectors of life.Based on data from statistical yearbook and field investigations, analysis was made of environmental pollution cognitions as well as preventive and control measures of pig farmers with various farming scales in Jilin Province. By analyzing the pig-framing scale and pollution problems with existing livestock husbandry industry in Jilin Province, in-depth studies were made to probe into the degree and causes of environmental pollution and animal product contamination resulting from large scale farming. Based on the cognition degree and preventive behaviors of pig farmers, the pig-farming pollution preventive and controlling pattern specific to Jilin Province was made clear. Besides, corresponding suggestions were proposed, expecting to offer a systematic solution to the prevention and control of livestock husbandry pollution in Jilin Province. According to the studies, as far as the pig farmers were concerned, the livestock husbandry pollution was subject to the age, educational background, farming scale and cognitions of pig farmers as well as the governmental subsidy policies. In terms of preventive and controlling behaviors in Jilin Province, most pig excrements were directly piled outside of the pigpens. However, this was hard to be in line with the gradually developing large-scale farming which was an inevitable development trend in Jilin Province. Fecal disposal mode suitable to Jilin Province included direct returning of excrements to farmland, factory-like standardized treatment and biogas processing. For Jilin Province, it has but one way to follow: develop livestock husbandry industry of moderate scale to increase the farmers’ incomes and boost the sustainable and healthy development of livestock husbandry industry. And at the same time, minimal environmental pollution should be ensured.