Economic Effect Analysis And Policy Proposal Of Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy

Grassland ecosystem is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem.Grassland resources have long been valuable in social economy and ecosystem. Grassland ecological compensation policy,aims at realizing forage-livestock balance and solving nomads’ living problems,was fully implemented in China in 2011.However, nomads’ living problem and the degradation of grassland resources still exists after implementation of the policy. This paper try to analyse deviation that appeared during the policy implementation according to the field research results in Alasan Region, search for reasons that induced deviation, put forward policy proposals from the angle of relationship between government and nomad. It’s helpful to enrich related theory of grassland ecological compensation policy and provide practices guidance for grassland resource protection.Alasan Region,Inner Mongolia is a typical grazing district,dotted oasis,desert and desertification grassland. Local residents’ production mode varies from farming to animal husbandry. In order to fully understand the implementation situation of grassland ecological compensation policy, stratified random sampling method was adopted to design questionnaire which includes socioeconomic status, the implementation situation of grassland ecological compensation policy, pastoral farming and animal husbandry production conditions and herders’ income.By comparative analysis of 2010 and 2014, it was found that income and livestock amount deviations exist during the process of grassland ecological compensation policy was implemented,which was induced by short-term goal incompatibility between government and herders and neglecting herders’ survival needs.Therefore,bargaining model adopted to discuss the relationship between government and herders, in order to motivate herders’ enthusiasm in grassland protection,as mighty party, government should actively realize the herders’ survival needs and expectation ingrassland protection during policy design and implementation. I hope this research is helpful in solving deviations in the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy and offer an selective theoretical basis in policy improvement.Below is the main conclusions of this research:（1）After the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy, livestock amount deviation appeared. Livestock amount varies unconspicuous. The number of sheep at year-end decreased 6.7% while the number of camel at year-end increased 4.7%. The main source of herders’ income still was animal husbandry. Animal husbandry and grassland still was the safeguard for herder living.（2） After the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy, herders’ income deviation appeared. Animal husbandry and policy income were the herders’ income source replaced the single income source. During 2010 and 2014, the ratio between policy income and average household income rise from 6.34% to 20.84%, the ratio between animal husbandry income and average household income decreased from 76.52 % to 71.74%. The change of income structure resulted in the change of production mode, however, average 16% out workers per village was kept during 5 years, herders haven’t suit to the changing of production mode.（3）The equilibrium between government and herders would appear after clearly learned opponent’s price expectation and timely made a reasonable choice. When government offered price at first, the equilibrium was（P-pP+p²A₃,pP-p²A₃）, When herders offered price at first,the equilibrium was（P-pP+p²B₃,pP-p²B₃）, the first price provider has the decision-making power for it behaved mighty and clearly understand herders’ price expectation.Therefore, in the process of policy formulation and implementation, as mighty party, in order to motivate herders’ enthusiasm in policy implementation, government need to know more about herders’ real demand and price expectation of grassland protection.