Research On The Adaptability Of Peasant Household In The Development Of Eco-tourism In The Traditional Villages Of Zhangjiajie

Under the background of China’s social and rapid economic development, the fast urbanization process and the rapid growth of tourism consumption demand have a profound impact on the transformation and development of traditional rural areas. The development of ecological tourism is not only an opportunity but also a risk for the traditional villages. Therefore, the exploration of impact of the ecological tourism development on man-land system is the necessary demand for realizing the sustainable development of ecological tourism for traditional villagesIn this paper,by constructing a destination Social—Ecological System and basis for determining the suitability Framework and farmer resilience model,selects the Yongding District typical traditional village Shiyanping as an object of study. Based on the data provided by related departments and the several visits, and household survey,from the angle of the farmers,use correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis to identify the key factors constituting force farmers to adapt, and to explore the mechanisms of adaptation of farmers related theories of behavior and through using adaptation theory to research the societies of destination in the tourism disturbance-changes and reasons of Social—Ecological System. Firstly,The farmers’ adaptive behaviors of Shiyanping to tourism development are labor migration and participation in tourism. The determinants of the labor migration are total labor force,farmers diploma, the distance between the houses and core scenic spots, the cognitive ability of opportunity and the relationship of neighbourhood. Total family labor force(impact factor of 0.4883), housing area(impact factor of 0.2603), household deposits(impact factor of 0.2672), Harmony degree(influence coefficient of-0.2321), acreage(impact factor of 0.1612), is Village stone weir farmers decide key factor adaptive behavior. The behaviors are the result of using opportunities and avoidance risks driven by survival and development needs under the change of farmers’ livelihood capital.Secondly, the ecotourism development of Shiyanping brings the farmers new development opportunities, and the increase in income and improvement of living standard are obvious significantly. Farmers under the influence of tourism have run three tourism types, namely the production and tourism type, dominant type, and exclusive type, and behavioral differences are obvious. The main factors that affect the tourism income of farmers are: location advantage, accessibility, business area,participation in the labor force, the educational background of the head of households,the years of operation and recognition degree of the way of life. The participation in tourism operation is farmers’ social rational choice in the background of the agricultural recession and the rise of tourism industry. The impact of tourism Farmers Adapting effect(income) of the key driving factors are: Village section distance(impact factor of0.5016), tour operating area(impact factor of 0.3629), participation in tourist arrivals(impact factor of 0.1734), by lending capacity(Influence coefficient of 0.2695), headed by education(impact factor of 0.2706), to resources(impact factor of 0.1045), tourism active participation(impact factor of 0.2589).Family ethics, native complex, lifestyle preferences and herd mentality are the inner causes of the occurrence of adaptability of farmers, community system and development environment is the external driving force,the peasant household resource(adaptability) is the determinants of adaptation behavior and effects.Based on the above research conclusion, this paper makes suggestions for rural Eco-tourism development and adaptation behavior of farmers as follows: Firstly,tourism farmers should start from the local characteristics, explore and use the tourism resources, avoid the superficial development utilization, use the existing resources to grasp the opportunity of tourism development according to their own conditions,increase the livelihood choices. The managers should integrate, on one hand,plan and allocate the village tourism resources, on the other hand, let more farmers have the basic condition to participate in, strengthen the connection between village tourism farmers and non tourism farmers and enhance the efficiency conversion in relative balance and flow in livelihood capital storage for the two farmers. Secondly, Guide farmers to reasonably allocate livelihood capital, especially human capital and material capital.Make the rational investment and appropriate operation of livelihood capital, avoid livelihood risk and vulnerability due to the excessive dependence on tourism. Third,guide farmers to establish cooperation mechanisms, increase the flow of social capital in farmers, develop tourism industry with the farmer group mode. Forth, promote the tourism informatization construction, enhance the connection between the farmers and tourist market.