Research On The Adaptability Of Rural Social-Ecological System Based-tourism By Farmer Investigation

During the progress of rapid urbanization and transformation of tourists’ demand, more and more rural areas have gradually developed into tourist destinations in the global scope. The tourism becomes the important driving force for "Rural Reconstruction", and brings about multiple effects in social-culture, economic and environmental, while the relation between the human and environmental have transformed acutely. Therefore, how to deal with the tourism development and its influence become the challenges of rural based-tourism development. The destination of Whole Qinling Region is the representative of this rural area. This paper research the adaptability of households to the tourism and its multiple effects in the Social-Ecological System framework. The main results are as follows:The perturbation, Rural Social-Ecological System based tourism facing, contains two types:the positive(opportunities) and negative one(risk). The opportunities are in improving the farmers’ incomes and labours’ ability, and the risk in decline ing the available land, forest resources, the living environment, food security, etc. But in generally, the risk is more than opportunity, and the system’s vulnerability have enhanced.The strategy of farmers adopted to cope with the perturbation is tourism participation and migrant out for work. The adaptability is mainly driven by householder diploma, houses assets, relations between neighbourhoods, ability of opportunities cognitive and geographical location,etc.The adaption behaviour is rational choice in the background of "right restructure".The tourism can enhance the farmers’ adaptability by increase ing income and the labors’ ability. Accessibility, and location, labours in tourism and the head of household culture degree, history of operation and life style preference is the main factors which effect the tourism participation. Farmer participation in tourism industry’s behavior is rational choice based the social rationality in the situation of agriculture recession and tourism rise. Family ethics, agrestic complex, lifestyle preferences and "group psychology" is the key factors that effect farmers’adaption happen or not, community system is driving force, farmers’resources are the deciding factors effecting the results.