The Spatial Pattern Of Global Crude Oil Trade And Import Source Optimization Of China

2014 is the very year that global oil trade market experienced upheaval, It is also the year that ended the long period when global crude oil price continuingly increased. There are structural changes having taken place in the crude oil market supply and demand, the Non-OPEC countries, especially the USA, are boosting their yield and refresh the production record. However, the demand of crude oil through the world is slowing down. According to the latest BP energy reports, the increase rate of oil demand in 2014 is only 0.9%. So it’s of great significance to understand the flow pattern and scale of global crude oil as well as the evolution of oil trade spatial pattern, because it benefits the adjustments of our country’s crude oil trade strategy, and also provide the ideas to optimize trade pattern.This thesis gathers the world crude oil import and export trade data, based on the complex network theory, builds network topology of global global crude oil trade spatial pattern. And explores the global global crude oil trade spatial pattern as well as its change in terms of nodes, import and export degree, trade strength and homogeneity. Finally, this thesis analyzes the import spatial pattern of China, and by comparing with other main crude oil import countries, this thesis put forwards the route to optimize the spatial pattern and policies in terms of government and industries.The conclusion shows that the scale and strength of global crude oil trade expand as the crude oil price dropping down. But the increase situation vary in terms of different regions. The asia-pacific region and mid-western Europe become the most important crude oil market in the global crude oil trade spatial pattern, while the north America region imports less and less crude oil in this period. In the export aspect, the scale of crude oil export increase in the America region while that of Middle-east region remains stable. The thesis also shows that sources of China’s importing crude oil mainly focus on Middle East area and Africa, and China imports more and more crude oil form the former while cuts the share from latter. And the homogeneity degree is increasing, far more than the average level of world. So the thesis suggests the adjustments of import spatial pattern in details. In summary, China should take Middle East, Central Asia and Russian as our main source. And choose Latin America, Africa as auxiliary options to form a low-risks and low-homogeneity spatial pattern.