Study On The Efficiency Differences Of Rice Production And Influential Factors In Anhui Province

China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is always the lifeblood of the national economy. Grain is the root of agriculture, so the food problem is directly related to the stability and development of society. However, at present, China’s grain production is facing many challenges, such as, continue rise costs, the difficulty of increasing farmers’ income, the shortage of agricultural resources and of resource and environment constraints. Therefore, in the new phase of China, how to face these challenges, and how to solve these problems of food security have become the key. Under this background, the author thinks that the improvement of grain production efficiency is the key to solve the problem, and it is a new way to solve the problem of grain production when meeting these constraints and challenges. Today, facing the challenges of food production, we should make a deep thorough of the layout changes of production of grain crops in Anhui province, production efficiency and influence factors. It not only expand ideas of the grain production layout research and enrich the analysis method, but also has certain theory meaning and reference value.Specifically, this paper mainly does the following works:First, this paper makes a qualitative analysis of 2000-2014 rice production situation in Anhui Province, so as to make a brief analysis of Anhui province rice production and the differences about the yield, planting area etc.. High per unit area and high land market area are not the same, which shows it is not fully understand the situation about rice production simply from the yield or yield of the rice. So considering the grain production efficiency is more scientific and objective, then put the next step analysis;Secondly, this paper builds the evaluation index system of production efficiency, among these indexes, input indexes have crop sown area, rice sown area, total power of agricultural machinery, agricultural chemical fertilizer application rate, pesticide application amount and the number of agricultural employees, output index is total rice yield. And respectively calculates grain production efficiency of 2000-2014 years in Anhui province by DEAP2.1 software. Making the analysis and evaluation, so as to understand the difference of rice production in Anhui province;Finally, because of most of the existing literature that are about agricultural production efficiency have neglected the effect of spatial factors, so this paper constructs the spatial correlation analysis by using GeoDa software, understanding city in Anhui province grain production efficiency space distribution. And the paper build spatial econometric model for 2013 Anhui rice production data, analyzing the relevant factors affecting the efficiency of production.The research results show that it is a good momentum that the yield of rice and the efficiency of grain production increased gradually of 2000-2014 years in Anhui province, especially in the central and southern regions. The production efficiency of rice has a certain agglomeration effect, and the high grain production efficient accumulation area is moving form north to South and urbanization. Farmers’ income and human capital investment have influence on grain production efficiency. The level of urbanization has a reverse influence on it, and farmers’ income and human capital have a positive impact on it. So throughout the city of Anhui Province should have good use of their regional advantages and conditions, increase the protection of arable land, expend the use of agricultural machinery, cross regional operation, make agricultural technology popularity, increase efforts to education and training efforts, guarantee rural subsidies increase the income of the farmers, so as to give play to the potential of grain production.