On The Influence Of Ideology On The Changes Of Rural Land Policy

In the study of public policy changes, ideology as one of the dynamic factors of policychanges has been given increasingly attention. The central issue of this paper is how theideological constraints to impact on the rural land policy changes. This paper defines theideology as "the thoughts and values and beliefs that shared by specific groups, or theirtheories", and divides it into different types according to the different subject. Bases on thecombination and separation of ownership and use right of land, this paper divides the changesof the rural land policy after1949into three phases, each phase comprises several specificpolicies. The major viewpoint of this paper is that: it’s the mainstream ideology of thegovernment in conjunction with farmer’s ideology which mainly includes sense of family andequalitarianism that impact the changes of the rural land policy after the Founding of NewChina. The form of the impact of ideology on the policy changes is that, on one side ideologyprovides direct subjective desire and backing; on the other side, Ideology has been playing animportant influence in the process of public policy.At the beginning of the Founding of PRC, the central government had promulgated "Agrarian Reform Law of the People’s Republic of China" as the program of action, and begunthe land reform all over the country under the guidance of the thought of "land to the tiller",made farmers have land of their own. Along with the position of the socialist ideology withcore of collectivism as mainstream ideology gradually be established, the cooperativemovement and people’s commune movement spread rapidly in the countryside, the landownership by farmers policy had been soon replaced by collective ownership policy. After theThird Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the Communist Party of China hadre-established the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, therole of traditional ideology was gradually weakened but its influence still exists, so under theguidance and influence of the multiple ideologies, the separation of ownership andmanagement come into being in the rural land policy, the land policy of collective ownershipand the household contract management has gradually established，and developed a " two-tiermanagement system" as the rural basic management system. After entering the21st century,the development of ideology appears the trend of diversification with the socialist ideology asits core and dominant, in the mainstream ideology the people-oriented conception gradually be reflected and strengthened. Under the influence of this context, the policy of the householdcontract responsibility system was continue to be adhered to, and the deadline of land contractright of the farmers was extended from the30-year contract to "permanent".The thesis consists of four parts: The first part is introduction, mainly introduces theresearch background, research purpose and significance, research status, research ideas andmethods. The second part is the basic theory, mainly gives the answers to the following issuesthat "What kind of ideology, and how to impact on the policy changes", and then attempt toconstructs an ideological interpretation framework about the policy changes. The third partresearches the connotation of rural land policy and the evolution of rural land policy after1949, and discusses the ideological influence on the changes of rural land policy in differentperiods. The fourth part is the conclusion, summarizes the research results and deficiencies,and puts forward the direction of future efforts.