Logistics Characteristics And Development Of Operation Mode Of Large International Petrochemical And Refining Projects

Since the reform and opening up, more and more chinese enterprises take participatein international project contracting. From small to large, from simple to complex,from labor contracts of several million yuans to large-scale refining and chemicalintegration project of billions of dollars, Chinese engineering enterprises graduallyoccupy an important position in the international engineering contractor market. Withthe expansion of the project size, content complexity, project logistics as a key part ofthe implementation of large-scale projects, is becoming increasingly important.Logistics has an important impact on the duration of the project, cost and quality.International Project Logistics is a system work, including inspection, packaging,selection of freight forwarder, transportation, collection goods at the port, bookingshipping space, import and export declarations, transport insurance, foreign customsclearance, export tax rebates. Logistics of the complex mechanical engineeringprojects represented by large-scale international refining and chemical projects havemore distinctive features: uniqueness, relevance of process, and demand imbalance,material dispersion, difficulty of the organization work, high managementrequirements, involving multiple relative sides, more risk factors, high costs, longperiod, a broad range of transportation, large amount of complete sets of equipment aswell as special materials and temporary imported goods and more. Also, due to thespecial requirements of the international large-scale refinery and chemicalengineering project, the international project logistics work should have sufficientefficiency and flexibility, can drive down costs as much as possible, and must be ableto ensure the quality and safety of goods.Because the project contractor itself does not have enough logistics technology andmanagement capabilities need to commission a professional third-party logisticscompanies to do subcontracting. Third-party logistics companies usually have awealth of experience in logistics management and technical strength，he can doadequate logistics planning, risk assessment and make recommendations and providedoor to door service in accordance with characteristics of the project. Largeinternational refining projects have big amount of special materials, a lot of riskfactors, what make it difficult to control and manage the process. It is necessary to doa lot of communication and coordination jobs with the third-party logistics. Contractorlogistics managers need to closely track the material procurement and logisticsprocesses. Meanwhile, they should continue coordinate manufacturers, logistics service providers, to ensure continuous and accurate transmission of information.Contractor logistics sector take great working pressures and risks.Through the case study method, taking the Atyrau refinery renovation project inKazakhstan as an example, analysis the risks of project logistics solutions,summarized the shortcomings of traditional third-party logistics service in largeinternational petrochemical projects, such as difficult to control costs, related partyinformation asymmetry, long response time, lack of flexibility.Fourth party logistic (4PL) is another direction of development of modern logistics. Inthe traditional areas of commodity circulation it has been well applied, reflecting anumber of advantages. These advantages can well meet the needs of the internationalproject logistics. Appropriate reference to the mode of operation of4PL, can give agood promotion to the development of logistics work of international large-scalerefinery and chemical engineering projects. It will play an important role in costsavings, rapid response, shortening the transport time, ensuring quality and safety, etc.