Research On Evaluating Effectiveness Of Safety Signs On Project Site Based On Human Factors Engineering

As society showing more attention to the safety problems on project site, safety management is significantly important to ensure the implements of production to be used rationally by constructors in the complex working environment, to achieve production performance and to avoid personal injury. In the situation of human-machine-environment system, the correct usage of safety signs will be a substantial guarantee of safe production.As safety signs research has been carried out, scholars explored different aspects in this area, including the significance, source of information, design factors, individual factors, situational factors, identification and training effectiveness, and proposed various safety signs theory model which laid a foundation for comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of safety signs.Based on past results, this paper used the willing of constructors following the procedure of safety behavior as the criteria to value the effectiveness of safety signs on project site, integrated multiple information-cognitive model, and differentiated cognitive behavior stage in using safety signs stages by constructors. Using qualitative and quantitative analysis, we sorted the factors affecting effectiveness of safety signs and build up the evaluation index system to measure indicators. By Analytic Network Process (ANP) and super decision (SD) software, we determined indicator weight and comprehensive score and established evaluation model that can realize the scientific evaluating the effectiveness of safety signs on project site.Research results are:1.Differentiate four cognitive behavior stages in using safety signs by constructors, attention, identification, judgment and behavior. These stages are recursive. Namely, the cognitive procedure cannot jump backward or forward, and the completion of upper stage will directly affect the occurrence and proceeding in lower stage. This theory provides the convenience for the further analysis of human-machine-environment element.2. Build up the evaluation index system of the effectiveness of safety signs on project site. On the one hand we filtered and sorted of the past results in this index system. On the other hand, through organizing and analyzing mutual dependencies of indicators, we determined the weight of indicators, and rudimentarily concluded the research of the safety signs effectiveness. Level1index has four, respectively is:salience, intelligibility, safety tendency, easy-compliance; Level2index has13, respectively is:set site, environment contrast, signboard type, pattern sign, writing sign, arranging format, safety training, safety communication, management support, safety prevention, danger perception, mission pressure, compliance cost. At the same time, the measurement in level2indicators was classified into three types:category1is safety sign normative indicator, category2is safety sign recognition rate indicator, and category3is project site safety environmental indicator. Use Safety signs and guideline for the use (GB2897-2008) rules prescribed, as well as the safety sign recognition test and security environment survey scale on the1-9scaling rate measurement.3. Establish the evaluation model of the effectiveness of safety signs on project site. Using ANP and SD software, we calculated each level1and level2indicator weights and comprehensive score, purposeful, systematic, scientific and operability, and introduced a reference method for the effectiveness of safety signs in the future research work. In addition, looking from the result, level1index safety tendency weight value (0.368) is highest, levels2indicator weight value of the highest rated:compliance cost (0.180779), safety communication (0.152551), and environment contrast (0.120806).