China Provincial R&D Spatial Econometric Study

R&D (research and development), translated as "research and development", is to use the new knowledge or technology to create work.Innovation is the key to the transformation of the pattern of economic development,R&D is the fundamental source of independent innovation. How about provincial R&D spatial distribution activities? Whether R&D activities have space overflow? What kind of time lag and the spatial interaction mechanism R&D through effect on the innovation output? What is contribution R&D investment and spillover effects on the innovation output?The article is from Romer production elements of the spillover effect, on the basis of Griliches-Jaffe of the knowledge production function, in the perspective of spatial econometrics, to measure provincial R&D investment and spillover effect. The study found that:(1)R&D activities in the spatial distribution of provincial scales tend to cluster characteristics. Eastern region innovation ability is generally high, especially in Yangtze river delta, the pearl river delta region and the bohai sea coastal areas, and the low level of R&D activities of provinces mainly concentrated in the western region.So it can be seen that the eastern region to maintain a high level of concentration, medium level of agglomeration in central China, low level in western region. By using variation coefficient and gini coefficient to verify the discrete and concentration of the number of the application of patents, the results show that China’s R&D activities outputs has obvious spatial agglomeration phenomena, and the gap between regions has expanded, and gradually show polarization trend,local areas appear high intensity of R&D clusters.(2) The global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation index inspect spatial dependence and R&D activities cluster. Global spatial autocorrelation index indicates that provincial R&D activities in China have significant spatial dependence;Local spatial autocorrelation index test shows that in the current, the coastal areas location nearby provincial gradually evolved into a state of high value of agglomeration, which represented by Yangtze river delta region, but its influence on surrounding provincial is limited, present a kind of local cluster; The western region presents the state of low concentration, and the comparison areas have widened the scope of the early 21st century.(3) Adopt the method of spatial econometrics to test R&D spatial spillover effects.The study found that the provincial R&D input is still the main contribution of innovation performance, but the human capital influence on innovation performance is limited. Spatial spillover effects exists, but mainly by the error of the nearby provincial innovation impact influence the innovation of the region, and geographic location and economic level of proximity produce the same dominant impact on the model estimation results.According to the above empirical results, we put forward the development measures of R&D:strengthening the cooperation of the provinces, and reducing provincial level R&D spatial differences; dealing with the differences of provincial R&D spatial relationship between level of fairness and efficiency; adhering to the road of independent innovation.