| With the deepening of agricultural marketization and socialization, the conflict among farmers’ small-scale production resulting from decentralized management,socialized market is being acute increasingly. Farmers specialized cooperatives is another organization innovation after the household contract responsibility system. They are organized by small and weak producers who are placed in the disadvantageous position of the market competition, in accordance with the principle of equality and mutual benefit. Through the common management, they will improve their own economic interests or economic status. The direct motivation and goal is to increase its own interests, reap the benefits to participate in the development of farmers’ professional cooperatives.The generation and development of farmers’professional cooperatives in China conform to the trend of the development of market economy, also meet the needs of the development of China’s modern agriculture. It can not only save the cost of output from production to consumption and transaction costs of agricultural products, but also convert the production cost and transaction cost savings to the economic surplus funds as the development of farmers’ professional co-operatives to enhance their ability to accumulate funds and develop agriculture. Since the 1980’s, farmers’ professional cooperatives develop rapidly all over the country, with various types. As the important assurance of organization for the development of modern agriculture, they play an important part in improving modern agricultural, strengthening agricultural production and cooperation ability, connecting’small farmers’and’big market’, increasing farmers’ income and speeding up the construction of a new socialist rural. However, our country’s farmers professional cooperatives are still in the primary stage of development, there are still some serious problems and factors that are restricted the sustainable development. Therefore, establishing and perfecting the fair and reasonable mechanism of farmers’professional cooperative surplus distribution is the key problem in the process of its development. According to relevant law on farmers’ professional cooperative surplus distribution mode choice, there is no clear rules, academia began to form regarding our country farmers’professional cooperatives interest mechanism and running effect of system research situation actively explore.Based on the reality in the development of farmers’ professional cooperatives in China after Legislation, we use the distribution of related theory in jingzhou city of hubei province to analyze the relationship among cooperatives interests mechanism,the members of the cooperative behavior and organizational performance, and through the questionnaire survey, field interviews and econometric analysis, we use empirical study on the mechanism of farmers’ professional cooperatives interests, influence factors and its influence on the distribution, also we analysis the internal and external factors affecting the development of farmers’professional cooperatives, and puts forward the corresponding policyUnder new market situation, the development of farmer specialized cooperative is one of the most dffective means to promote the income of farmers,agricultural development,rural collective economic development,,innovate the rural social management and promote the new rural construction. farmer specialized cooperative is the core of cooperative management problems. The standardization of distribution of the surplus is concern with the famers benefits and have effect with the enthusiasm of the members into the club and the confidence of the famers specialized cooperative. So the distribution of the surplus is of great significance in famer specialized cooperative.this article uses document analysis and practice analysis to explore influence factors of the cooperative surplus distribution. Then based on these factors to build the surplus distribution model and puts forward corresponding policies. The paper mainly includes the following content:Firstly, based on the literature studying, the author analyze the present situation and the existing problems of the famer specialized cooperative distribution of the surplus.Secondly, the author participated investigation in June to December in 2014 to visit farmers professional cooperative in jingzhou city, hubei province,, and witnessed the development of the cooperatives in rural areas. To establish cooperative does indeed an effective way to increase farmers’ income and drive the economic development of rural areas. The famers cooperatives is one of the effective of the new rural development. However, in the researches, I also found some problems:the difference between the development and the scale. The registered capital of cooperatives ranged from a few million to tens of millions Yuan. Distributed mainly in the kind of farming cooperatives, at the same time, The sponsors of cooperatives were different; they were ordinary farmers. The human resources, capital resources and social resources the cooperatives owned were not the same. Some cooperatives developed well, and the membership size. Some cooperatives collapsed rapidly, they has the small-scale and the unwell related property rights and financial system. Members were Apply for withdrawal, some even collapse rapidly. All these problemsand phenomena urged me to think and find the causes of the differences among cooperatives. As a result, based on questionnaire survey data of 105 farmer specialized cooperatives in jingzhou province of hubei city,and use the model analyze the factors of the famer specialized cooperatives surplus distribution. We find that formation of dividends is mainly influenced by the government policies, the cooperative heterogeneity,development model and the principle of the members conference. The surplus distribution system according to the government policies, ordinary shares, farmers investment proportion and the produce of the council and the board of supervisors. The cooperatives member according to the amount of transactions return is influenced by the government policies, the cooperative heterogeneity,development model, ordinary shares, farmers investment proportion,public accumulation funds shares, the produce of the council, the board of supervisors and the constitute of the council and the principle of the members conference. In short, the cooperative structure, the structure of property rights and the managerial hierarchy have significant impact on the choice of the cooperative surplus distribution.Finally, based on the analysis results of the foregoing chapters,from the cooperatives internal property set,regulation mechanism, managerial hierarchy and the members quality of the cooperatives, the author put forward the policy proposals to the development of the Farmer specialized cooperative. |
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