Research On The Urbanization And Eco-environment Coupling Coordinated Development Of Hohhot

Since China’s reform and opening up, the society and economy have gained rapid development and the urbanization process has been accelerating constantly. In 2013, the urbanization rate is 53%. However, with the development of urbanization, the ecological environment problems are becoming increasingly conspicuous, such as air pollution, water shortage and ecological degradation. Therefore, how to coordinate the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment becomes an increasingly important issue.Hohhot is located in northern China, which is an arid and semi arid region with fragile ecological environment. As a key development zone of China’s main-functional zone division, the core city among city groups of Hohhot, Baotou, Ordos, and the main battlefield for advancing the process of urbanization, Hohhot is facing a great pressure in urbanization and ecology. Hence, the research on the coupled coordinated development between Hohhot’s urbanization and its ecological environment is of more theoretical and practical significance.The present study, selecting Hohhot as the research object, is based on constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system that in line with the actual development level of urbanization and the ecological environment quality. This paper first uses analytic hierarchy process(AHP), entropy method and grey relational comprehensive evaluation method to get the comprehensive index of urbanization level and the of the ecological environment quality in Hohhot from 1990 to 2012; Then it uses the coupling degree model, the coupling degree model and coordination degree model to quantitatively identify the key factors of mutual influence and constraints between urbanization and ecological environment, which helps to get the coupling degree and coordination degree between urbanization and ecological environment from 1990 to 2012; Finally the system dynamics(SD) model is applied to stimulate the huge system of urbanization and ecological environment, based on which the development status of the system under the development model of natural development, rapid development, protective development and coordinate development from 2015 to 2025 are simulated through adjusting 11 control parameters. This research obtains the following conclusion:(1) From 1990 to 2012, the index of comprehensive evaluation of the urbanization level in Hohhot showed a gradual increasing tread, which increased from 0.3825 to 0.7710, with an average annual growth rate of 0.0169, except that there was a volatility in 2003 and 2004; The comprehensive index of ecological environment quality showed a double inverted "U" type model, consisting of two inverted "U" curve which are from 1990 to 2005 and from 2006 to 2012, the highest point of two inverted "U" curve were 0.6801 in 2003 and 0.7203 in 2007; From 1990 to 2007, Ecological environmental quality comprehensive index is higher than the level of urbanization comprehensive index, which fluctuated raised as the urbanization level of volatility, so as the ecological environment quality. From 2008 to 2012, the comprehensive index of ecological environment quality is lower than that of the comprehensive index of the level of urbanization, with the urbanization level steadily increased, and the ecological environment quality of anti volatility declined; the level of urbanization and ecological environment quality of annual growth rate showed a relationship of "negative- positive- negative".(2) From 1990 to 2012, Hohhot’s urbanization in the aspect of population and economic has the most obvious impact on the ecological environment. At the same time, the population urbanization rate and GDP are the main index which measures the impact the urbanization on the ecological environment. The natural resources limit the urbanization mostly, the environmental governance, ecological destruction and environmental pollution also has obvious effect on the process of urbanization. Per capacity water resources is not only the key factors that restricts the development of the city, but also is one of the important reasons of the development of natural resources and environment index; Urbanization and ecological environment in the stage of running being the coupling medium coordination.(3) Coordinated development between urbanization and ecological environment model is the optimal control strategy for Hohhot’s system coordination development between urbanization and ecological environment in the future. To be exact, the natural population growth rate should be set at 4.50 per thousand; the growth rate of GDP should be set to 7%; industrial output growth rate should be set to 10%; the proportion of investment in fixed assets should be set to 60%; the first industry output value accounted for the proportion of GDP should be set to 5%; education funds accounted for the proportion of fiscal expenditure should be set to 13.5%; industrial output value accounted for second the proportion of GDP should be set to 30%; science and technology expenditure proportion of GDP should be set to 1%; the third industry output value accounted for the proportion of GDP should be set to 65%; the water consumption growth rate should be set to 0.1%; environmental pollution control investment share of GDP should be set to 0.5%.