Study Of Evolution And Optimization Of Chinese Urban Tourism Spatial Structureunder High-Speed Rail Network Perspective

Traffic, as a communication bridge between tourism demand and supply, is a prerequisite for tourism development. The improvement and development of the traffic will bring far-reaching influence to the development of tourism economy and cause the reconstruction of regional tourism spatial pattern. The construction of the High-speed Rail across the country is an important symbol of Chinese "transportation revolution”. Highspeed Rail will enhance the regional accessibility, expand the influence scope of city tourism and improve the economic ties between regions with its obvious "space compression" effect. Thus the tourism spatial pattern of city will be profoundly changed. Based on the "four vertical and four horizontal" High-speed Rail network as a case, this paper use the tourism geography, transportation geography and other related theories for reference. By using the research technology of spatial analysis of GIS, SPSS and PS to analyzes and reconstruct the tourism spatial structure with High-speed Rail network. In order to provide the scientific basis for the space distribution and time planning of the development of city tourism arrangements, so as to maximize the effect of High-speed Rail and to achieve the strategic goal of developing tourism as a strategic pillar industry of national economy and more satisfied people with the modern service industry standard. At the same time, this paper will fill in the blank of quantitative research of High-speed Rail tourism and further enrich and develop the content of traffic geography, economic geography research and the tourism geography.Based on summarizing the domestic and foreign current research of accessibility, the traffic on the tourism spatial and the high-speed railway on tourism spatial and take the effect of High-speed Rail network on the accessibility pattern as the breakthrough point, this paper focus on the characteristic of national tourist attraction center city and hinterland space caused by the transportation accessibility improving with High-Speed Rail and divide the center city level. This paper also constructs the national tourism city group and the tourism economic zone and puts forward the model and optimization measures of city tourism spatial structure. The research found:(1) HSR before and after opening the prefecture level city, ring were shown along the transit line axis of the "point axis spatial pattern of progressive”. The spatial pattern of isochronous ring of prefecture-level city is "point- axis progressive" along the rail line. The scope of low value of isochronous ring is expanded and instead of the median region after HSR. Low accessibility area changes insignificantly. The range of the isochronous ring of 1h has been rolling into pieces. The HSR improve the overall level of accessibility is improved and its spatial pattern is stretched along the HSR line. The "corridor" effect is obvious of HSR. The improving of accessibility is not balanced that the accessibility value of the edge of the area increases greater than the central region.(2) The tourist attractions of overall national level cities are enhanced after HSR. Attractive spatial distribution pattern of divergence from the multi-center ring becomes more divergent center ring and axial diffusion of the double pattern. Strong national tourism attraction areas are located in Beijing, Tianjin and the Bohai Rim region Shandong provinces and cities. The change pattern of the field strength of the national level city is coupling with the HSR line. The more intensive the HSR line is the greater the change rate is. The balance declines within the East, Middle and West regions with the HSR. It changes the most significant in the western region.(3) The number of the center city the eastern and middle areas which has the leading role of radiation significantly reduce after HSR. The center position of the large center city is further strengthened. There is more cities’ hinterland trans-provincial after HSR. The hinterland of the three metropolis circle is more closely. Surrounding the comprehensive tourism scale value is the big city center city hinterland area decreased. The hinterland area of the cities which surrounded by the big cities is decreased. The hinterland area of the cities which is not covered by the HSR does not change. The change rate of the hinterland comes out in front of the city which hinterland space is small and the transportation infrastructure s weak compared with other central cities.(4) The tourism spatial structure with HSR is constructed with 19 urban agglomerations, 6 first-level tourism economic zone and 21 second-level tourism economic zone. And Put forward the multi center network tourism spatial development pattern and the optimization development measures.