The Time-space Measurement Of Urbanization Efficiency And Research On Its Influencing Factor

Urbanization is a complex process, which human’s production mode and lifestyle transform from rural society to urban society. By the 2013, China’s urban population has reached 731 million, and the number of China’s prefecture-level cities has increased to 283. However, along with the rapid urbanization, side effects of urbanization, such as high consumption of resources, high pollution emissions, and low benefits output, have become the sub-healthy label of urbanization. There are massive problems about urbanization to be solved in terms of demographic, social and environment:"counterfeit urbanization" phenomenon, "constructing cities", and fog weather. To sum up, how to further improve the quality of urbanization and promote the all-around efficiency of urbanization to achieve urbanization with substantive connotation is not only the key to maintaining sustainable urban development, but also an important strategic decision to persist the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.The paper depth studies China’s urbanization efficiency from four aspects of demography, economy, society and spatial, which mainly includes three pacts of contents:first, the urbanization efficiency measurement index system have been constructed and the influencing factors have been set; second, it through PCA-SFA composite measurement model estimated China’s 266 prefecture-level cities’ urbanization efficiencies and the degree of influence; at last, the evolution of these cities’urbanization efficiency is analyzed from space-time perspective. The research shows the following situation. Firstly, the four aspects of urbanization efficiency have different values and speeds. The economic urbanization efficiency is 0.928 and the demographic urbanization efficiency is 0.568.Demographic urbanization efficiency maintaining stable growth, economic urbanization efficiency in modest growth, social urbanization efficiency in fast growth, and spatial urbanization in volatility growth. Secondly, the urbanization efficiency of southeastern coastal regions is the highest of all three regions in China, and there is a largest gap between the economic urbanization efficiency which is 2.15 percent. From the perspective ofγ, the four parts all greater than 0.5, so it is really possible that promoting efficiency in aspect of controlling the influencing factors. Besides, as to the influential factors, population density, government role and infrastructure make positive effects on demographic urbanization efficiency and the industrial structure make negative effects on it. For example, if the population density increase by 1%, the demographic urbanization efficiency will increase by 0.31%.Economic urbanization efficiency is affected by positive effects of all the factors expect government role. Apart from population density, social urbanization efficiency is influenced by the positive effects of all the other factors. Then, industrial structure, infrastructure and Industrial scale exert positive effects on spatial urbanization efficiency. Based on the entire conclusion,some policy suggestions are put forward, such as paying attention to balanced development, mutually circulating resources, optimizing monitoring mechanism.