Empirical Analysis On Technical Progress Impacts On The China’s Employment Amount And Employment Structure

Employment is the foundation of people’s livelihood, and the key to achieving social harmony and stability. Science and technology are primary productive force, for technical progress greatly increase the productivity of labor and quicken the pace of economic development.18th CPC National Congress has explicitly proposed the significance clearly of them:Technology and innovation are the strong support to the national power. Insist on walking along the road of Chinese characteristic individual innovation; build the innovative-oriented country; apply the technical achievements into the practical production widely and instantly. Promote the high-quality employment; implement the employment advantage strategy and the more positive employment policies. However, the views on the impacts of the technical progress and employment has not formed a consistent point in the theory.Therefore, research of technical progress is of profound realistic,social and theoretical significance to the employment in China.On the basis of the theory technical progress affecting employment, this paper makes mechanism effect analysis and empirical analysis in the perspective of quantity of employment and employment structure respectively. The mechanism effect analysis of the technical progresses to the quantity of employment comprises the damaging effect and compensation effect; the mechanism analysis of the employment structure processes from the industrial structure effect and labor quality effect. Secondly, in the empirical analysis of the aggregate employment, this paper first obtains the technical progress index by measuring the arithmetic mean of GDP per capita and energy consumption per unit of output value. Second it builds up econometric model with the index of the quantity of employment and reaches the conclusion that the current technical progress can make a forward promotion to the quantity of employment in China. In the empirical analysis of the industrial structure perspective in the employment structure, in which the technical progress index and the quantity of employment in every industry are the variances. According to the related data after the Reform and Open, it is concluded that, there doesn’t exist long-term co-integration between technical progress and the primary industry, second industry, but the forward influence to the quantity of employment only. In the empirical analysis of the labor quality structure of the employment structure, this paper constructs the measurement model on the educated years of employees and the technical progress index, from which it indicates that technical progress makes employees improve labor quality. At last, combining the theory and empirical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this paper makes related policy suggestions about promoting employment of high quality based on the result of empirical studies.