Study On Allocation Of Emergency Supplies In Large-Scale Earthquake Disasters

Varieties of unconventional emergencies take place frequently around the world these years. Especially the large-scale earthquake, it causes great damage of both physicality and psychology. As the disaster occurs, it is crucial for decision-makers to respond immediately and begin the emergency rescue operations. As emergency supply plays an important part of the rescue procedure, decision-makers and disaster-related officers pay close attention on it. And within the emergency supply, the allocating of emergency supplies is the key point. Therefore, we launched for rapid, rational allocation of emergency supplies in the research, concerning actual state of the real situation and the real demand of the victims, to ensure the optimal effect of the emergency supplies allocation.The main contents of this thesis are as follows:(1) In the paper, we make the search of national policies and regulations on emergency management, analyze the different characteristics of emergency supplies, classify materials according to different principles of emergency, note the principle of emergency supplies allocation. Further more, combining with the different characteristics of emergency supplies studies, we get the main research objects. They are the ones of the necessities of life (such as tents) allocation of such materials.(2) Analyzing the historical earthquakes and existing case studies of large-scale earthquake, we do the research of the factors which affected the situation of a disaster firstly. Then we sort out a few key factors, establish the emergency scenarios of affected areas and make cluster analysis of these scenarios. Finally, a method for the rapid allocation of emergency supplies is put forward. With the actual data of 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, we demonstrates the implementation of the method.(3) In a large-scale earthquake disaster, the affected area is always much wider and more affected place. To this multi- supply points, multi-demand points problem, considering the response time sensitivity of the victims, we established the emergency supplies optimal allocation model to ensure the great effect of emergency supplies allocation. And we design algorithm for it. Making numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.In this paper, we established a quick allocation method and an optimal allocation model for the problem of large-scale allocation of earthquake emergency supplies.The results of the emergency supplies allocation are better to enhance the effectiveness and improve the satisfaction of victims.