| With the development of society economics and the advancement of the process ofindustrialization, China’s ecological environment is worsening. Strengthening ecologicalconstruction and maintenance of ecological security has become an urgent problem needed tosolve. Forestry is not only an important basic industry, but also an important public welfareundertaking, which bears the task of supplying ecological products and forest products forpeople′production and life, occupies a very important position in the national economy andsocial development of our country. The report of the Eighteenth National Congress points outthat,“Promoting ecological progress is a long-term task of vital importance to the people’swellbeing and China’s future. Faced with increasing resource constraints, severe environmentalpollution and a deteriorating ecosystem, we must raise our ecological awareness of the need torespect, accommodate to and protect nature. We must give high priority to making ecologicalprogress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic,political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achievelasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.” The construction of ecologicalcivilization depends on the sustainable development of forestry, forestry should makecontributions to the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, the party’s EighteenNational Congress report marks that the forestry construction and development of our countryhas entered a new historical period, the party and the government pay more attention to theconstruction and development of forestry than ever. In the socio-economic development，forestry’s status has been placed in an unprecedented heightInvestment and financing is the economic activity entities raise funds and use funds toensure the survival and development of activities by using various means and through variouschannels. Forestry investment cycle is very long, Forestry investment risk is very big, Forestry investment return is very low, all the characteristics of forestry determine that forestry has lessattractive to investors under the market mechanism; it is difficult for forestry to obtain thenecessary resources by competition mechanism. For a long time, the forestry investment andfinancing problems has been a major problem of our country’s forestry development. But theforestry is an important industry and a public utility, so we must attach importance to thedevelopment of forestry, we must solve the issues of forestry investment and financing.Hunan province is a big agricultural province, in which the forestry takes up a largeproportion. The stand or fall of Hunan forestry development, has a direct impact on the entireprovince economic development level and the income level of residents in the mountains. Butthan other forestry developed regions, there is still a large gap of Hunan province’s forestry. Itsecological，economic，or social benefits have not yet been fully utilized and exploited. Thisis constrained by the level of Hunan province’s economic development and its owncharacteristics of forestry, among them; capital investment is the most important factor as aconstraint to the further development of forestry in Hunan province. In this paper, forestryinvestment and financing problems of Hunan province are studied, which is beneficial toimprove forestry investment and financing environment of Hunan province, to protect, developand utilize forest resources rationally, to promote the development of forestry.Firstly, this paper defines the concept of forestry and investment&financing, introducesrelated theory such as theory of forestry investment and financing and forestry classifiedmanagement, generalizes and summarizes research results of forestry investment and financingissues at home and abroad. Based on the literature and the statistical data, this article studiesthe current development situation of forestry investment and financing of Hunan province, thispaper points out that in recent years, Hunan forestry investment and financing amount isincreasing steadily, and Hunan province forestry total input remain growth rate of around10%for five consecutive years, this benefits the forest district, forestry households and forestryenterprises directly, promote the economic development of Hunan province. Governmentbudgetary allocations and self-raised funds occupy the principal position of forestry investment, in terms of the government budget funds, the central capital investment accounts for the mainbody status, local capital investment is complementary. Fixed-asset investment such as aforestation and infrastructure construction increase greatly. This paper analyzes the problemsof Hunan forestry investment and financing, the main problems are as follows: capital amountis very small and money is hard to reach the designated position; forestry investment is notstable; the distribution of investment subject is uneven; financing channel is not smooth;financing mode is not flexible. Aiming at the problems, this article discusses the profoundreasons behind the problem from the perspectives of subject and probes. The cause of thecurrent forestry investment and financing problems of Hunan province is mainly imperfect ofsupporting policies and measures. Specifically, first of all, the forestry credit policy isimperfect, policy lacks of continuity, which seriously dampened the enthusiasm of investors inforestry. Secondly, the policy about the forest right flow is not perfect. Hunan province lacksof the unified evaluation standard of forest right value. which greatly reduces the bank’s truston he forestry enterprise and forestry farmers. The indicators of deforestation is uncertain,leading the forestry operators lose autonomy, the operator can’t timely feedback to marketsignals, which also increases investors’ trading costs, reduces investment income. This paperanalyzes the harm of problems of Hunan forestry investment and financing. Inadequateinvestment greatly weakens the forestry′s ability to resist disaster, seriously restrict theimprovement of forestry comprehensive production capacity. Instability of forestry investmentis also difficult to guarantee the sustainable development of forestry. Due to money is hard toreach the designated position, so it is hard to carry out forestry engineering construction. Dueto ecological forestry subsidy system of Hunan province is only part of the subsidies, ratherthan the comprehensive compensation, this reduces the investment enthusiasm of enterprisesand individuals. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of Hunan forestry investment andfinancing present situation, existing problems,reasons, and harm, this paper puts forward itsown proposals on strengthen the construction of forestry investment and financing system inclassified management mode. As for the public welfare forest investment and financing, we should increase government financial input, explore market-oriented financing channels, playthe role of the policy-oriented financial institutions for supporting forestry, raise the forestrydevelopment fund through participating in carbon trading. As for commercial forest investmentand financing, we should increase capital input to commercial forest modestly, developforestry commercial financial institutions loans, explore forestry ecological project BOTfinancing mode, introduce and utilize foreign capital actively. |
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