Preparation And Properties Of Micro-nano Arrays Based On Colloidal Monolayer Technique

Nanomaterials and nanotechnology are always the frontier science discovered by scientific researchers when they came to the world. The nanomaterials and nanotechnology of multiple dimensions, rich morphology and various properties are a new research hotspot in the 21 century. Among them, two-dimensional orderly array structure is not only one of the leading direction of physics, chemistry, biology and materials science research, but also has a broad developmental application prospect in magnetic storage device, catalysis, biosensors, photonics, magnetism, information science.In this thesis, the construction of large-scale and highly ordered porous nanostructured arrays was fabricated by self-assembly technique and electrochemical deposition technique, and investigated on their structure-related properties. Then we product sensors by the special structure and research their electrochemical properties. The main study contents are as follows:（1） The construction of large-scale and highly ordered monolayer polystyrene colloidal spheres template was fabricated by self-assembly technique on the strictly clear glass. Then the microstructure was observed by SEM.（2） By making the polystyrene colloidal crystal as the template and electrochemical deposition, we compound microporous Au arrays with a highly ordered nanostructure. Its microstructure was dense-hexagonal cubic structured porous Au with a large specific surface area observed by SEM, XRD and TEM. We infer the growth law of the porous Au, prepare a biosensor with HRP and detect the properties of the biosensor by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. It exhibited much higher sensitivity of 332.0μA·mM-1·cm-2 compared with the traditional sensor of Au electrode.（3） Ordered porous Au-Cu nanocomposite array film was successfully fabricated based on the monolayer polystyrene sphere template and electrodeposition. We gained different ratio composites by controlling the formulas of the electrolyte. Its microstructure and constituent are analysed by SEM and EDS, respectively. The results showed that the higher content of the Au, the more microporous of the structure and the higher content of the Cu, the more compact of the structure.（4） The ordered porous Au-Cu nanocomposite array film with a ratio of 1:1 was directly made into a non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide biosensor and detected by electrochemical analyser. It exhibited the sensitivity of 6101.3μA·m M-1·cm-2, the detection limit of 5μM, good anti-interference to hydrogen peroxide by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Meanwhile, we compared the biosensing performance of the simple substance material to the alloy material.（5） By making the polystyrene colloidal crystal as the template and electrochemical deposition, we create ordered porous Cu-Cu₂O array. Its microstructure was dense-hexagonally bowl-like Cu-Cu₂O array film by SEM. And scanned by using XRD and XPS, this composite product consists of two components: cubic structured Cu and Cu 2O with the content rate of 73.6% and 26.4%, respectively. The Cu-Cu₂O array film can be used directly as a non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor because of its gold layer sputtered on the glass substrate. It showed much high sensitivity of 66.23 m A·mM-1·cm-2, much low detection limit of 0.1μM, good anti-interference and deep endurance by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry in 0.1M PBS solution. This method of creating non-enzymatic sensor was simple, high sensitivity, low cost and recycling.