The Research On Routing Algorithms And Security In Wireless Sensor Networks

The rapid development in wireless communication, sensor technology and embedded technology has greatly promoted the development of wireless sensor networks. Currently, wireless sensor networks have been widely applied in many areas, such as the military, the monitoring of natural environment and agriculture, medical health, intelligent traffic, smart home and the monitoring of safe production. It is gradually changing the styles of people’s production and living and makes an important contribution for the development and progress of human society.As the important component of the protocol stack of wireless sensor networks, routing protocols are responsible for transmitting the data of source nodes to the destination nodes along the best paths, which is also the foundation of the transmission and collection of data in network. The nodes, however, have limit source, including the energy, the capacity of storage and computing in wireless sensor networks. Therefore, it is necessary to design an efficient routing protocol with good performances.This dissertation conducted an intensive study on routing protocols and algorithms of wireless sensor networks, and proposed an efficient routing algorithm(ERouA) for wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks via improving the λ-flooding algorithm which is only suitable for the case with one mobile sink. In ERouA, the entire network is divided into several data gathering scopes and each scope corresponds to a sink. In each scope, when the mobile sink cannot communicate with its current virtual sink, it will select a new virtual sink. If the new sink belongs to the gathering scope of this mobile sink, the local routing updating will be triggered, which can decrease the number of control packets and reduce the consumption of energy of network. Otherwise, this mobile sink will reconstruct its data gathering scope. In addition, ERouA adopted the virtual sink chains, which can decrease the frequency of routing updating and further reduce the consumption of energy of network. The simulation results shown that the ERouA have better performances when compared with AVRP and VGDD. Furthermore, this dissertation designed a reliable and trust based secure routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks(RTSR) via the analysis of the problems of secure routing in wireless sensor networks. In RTSR, the trust value and ETX of nodes are taken into account. A combination routing metrics is formed by a weighted combination of the two metrics. It not only can avoid the malicious nodes, but also can select a path with high link quality. The simulation results shown that the RTSR can achieve good performances when compared with CTP and TSR.