Study Of The Base Station Antenna Based On Dielectric Resonator

In recent years, the rapid development of mobile communication technology has achieved a breakthrough from 1G to 4G, and now it advances towards the goal of 5G. Advances in mobile communication technology promote the development of the mobile Internet industry, thus promoted the Internet from 2.0 times to 3.0 times. The base station antenna is part of the mobile communication system for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves; its performance directly determines the quality of service of mobile communication systems. Future mobile communication technology will be toward the high efficiency, miniaturization, intelligent direction, which has put forward higher requirements on the performance of base station antenna undoubtedly. The main work of this paper is study and design a dual-polarized base station antenna used for a new generation of LTE wireless mobile communication system based on the dielectric resonator. The base station antenna beamforming based on the differential evolution algorithm(DE) is also studied. The main work is summarized as follows:Firstly,this paper introduces the research background and significance, and the research progress of the dielectric resonator antenna at home and abroad.Secondly, this paper introduces the basic parameters of the base station antenna and the working principle of dielectric resonator antenna and calculation of the resonant frequency for rectangular dielectric resonator antenna.Thirdly, this paper introduces the design of the base station antenna unit, the balanced feeding and symmetry dielectric resonator is used to realize the symmetrical electric field distribution inside the antenna,which well improve the cross-polarization and isolation performance. In order to improve the bandwidth of the antenna, the paper also studied the impact of middle hole digging technology on the bandwidth of dielectric resonator antenna. The simulation results show the good performance of the antenna elements, which can be used to design an antenna array. Meanwhile, the proposed antenna has been processed and tested, then the test results and the simulation results are compared and analyzed.Fourthly, the design of base station antenna array is introduced, HFSS is used to simulate the eight element array base on the front units. Simulation results show that the array unit matches well, and the array pattern is stable within the operating bandwidth, basically achieved the design specifications.Fifthly, base station antenna beamforming is studied, in order to consider the mutual coupling between units, this paper extracted the active element pattern of each unit, and then optimized the magnitude and phase of each unit based on the differential evolution algorithm,finally meet the requirements of the array pattern.