3D Localization Algorithm Research In Underground Coal Mine Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network achieve the information collection andtransmission in the limited space through working together between the varioussensor nodes. It expands the ability of people to obtain a variety of informationand tools with good prospect, and it is one of the most influential technology atpresent. In the wireless sensor network the nodes are randomly arranged in alimited space, since node location is importance for the perceived information,therefore the location of unknown nodes in wireless sensor networks becomethe basis of all the effectiveness of wireless sensor networks. To achieve thelocalization of node in wireless sensor networks, we can increase thecorresponding positioning device on nodes, but this method increases therequirements of node on hardware, It also increase the price of sensor nodes,and the cost of the network, not conducive to a large number arranged in thenetwork. So it is very necessary to come up with a better method of nodelocalization for the promotion and application of wireless sensor networks.WSN localization algorithm can be divided into two types: range-basedmethod and range-free method. The range-based method have high positioningaccuracy and good location performance, but it has higher requirements on software and hardware of node, and needs great power at the same time. Therange-free method is easy to achieve, but the positioning accuracy andeffectiveness is lower than the range-based method.This paper aims to study the node localization algorithm in coal mine tunnel,compare the positioning effect of different localization algorithm in coal mineroadway, enabling the study of coal mine tunnel positioning algorithm. In thispaper, the specific contents include:(1) Building the model node in roadway based on the actual situation of theroadway, then verify the feasibility of the model, establish the three-dimensionalmodel of the underground tunnel.(2) Combined the actual situation in the coal mine tunnel with the newroadway beacon nodes, the paper proposed a localization algorithm based onRSSI ranging, this algorithm reduces the influence of error ranging processarising node positioning accuracy by particle swarm optimization, and analyzethe theoretical of the system model.(3)Base on the RSSI algorithm, aiming at the requirements of positioningaccuracy, this paper proposed underground TDOA/AOA hybrid algorithm, thisalgorithm have certain requirements on the hardware of node, but its positioningaccuracy is unmatched by other algorithms, to verify the model verification andvalidation algorithm by select different location algorithm in the experiment.(4) In the study of the characteristics of non-ranging positioning algorithm,combined with the terrain models of underground tunnel, by constructing the Voronoi diagram of roadway to increase the number of virtual beacon nodes inroadway, and then build a new underground three-dimensional positioningalgorithm combined with DV-Hop algorithm, the algorithm takes both the costof the network and the positioning accuracy requirements in consideration.