From "Supplement" To "Critisism":the Study Of Shanghai Private Museum

In research of Shanghai private museums, this paper is aiming at reveal the competition and cooperation between folk culture and the culture encouraged by the state. Through examine the operation, management and promotion of three kinds of private museums in Shanghai, not only can we know their basic situation and status in society, also we can see the relationship between private museums and the state or the local government.So the main chapter in this paper tries to analyze three kinds of private museums in three areas respectively. One kind of the museums established by collectors who are enthusiasted in daily use articles in the past days, all these objects in museum remind us to think of the passing time of our everyday life. It emphases the history of public general instead of the hero or the dynasty of the state, and it works as a supplement to the natural culture in a way.Another, some private enterprises build private museums for the purpose of occupying more production space to seek profits. In the background of market economy, modern enterprises and industry have to open up new areas of production. Further more, through changing the normal way of industry production, private enterprises use the room of their museums to propagate business culture and cultural consumption. Because of the revitalization of the cultural industry policy in our country, the enterprises museum in large refer itself to the state or local government.The third kind of private museums in research is about the museum of modern art. The significance of modern art is to reflect and criticize "modernity". Characteristics of modern art are related to "carnivalesque" "frightening" tolerant" and "bohemian". Compared with the traditional history museum, the private modern art museum is better match for modern art. In private museum, art can be more autonomy and can be developed independently, not like in the state museum, where exhibit must be selected politically. On the other hand, art should be hierarchical in society, so private modern art museum needs to take different course in propogenda modern art. From this point, it is very different with the traditional state museum.Those kinds of private museums in Shanghai have different effects on the state in different times, as they work as "supplement", they rely on or criticize the main culture. However, in China, relationship between "the civil society" and "the state" are not show like "combat’"opposite" and so on, in fact, the two lives interdependently. Or we can say that the two go forward hand in hand. Thus, although the three kinds of private museums in research have attachment with "the state" in different degrees, can they find some right way to develop in future, and they have make some change by themselves for the other.