Energy-Efficient Transmission Scheme For Mobile Data Gathering In Wireless Sensor Networks

Academia and industry are working hard to increase the intensity of low-power wireless sensor network research and production. In the industry, the major hardware companies developed the processor chip with higher computational performance and lower power consumption. Research on the energy-efficiency of WSN has not stopped by university and institutes. Multi-antenna technology is the use of diversity gain to improve the channel capacity. However, by the limit of the size of the sensor, multiple antennas cannot be employed on a single node. In recent years, virtual MIMO transmission technology has been proposed. Multiple sensor nodes with single antenna form into a cluster and transmit data cooperatively. This technology brings the advantages of multi-antenna to the WSN and greatly reduces the energy consumption of sensor nodes long-haul transmission. In reality scenario, we are not only focus on reducing the energy of one-bit transmission, but also the life time of wireless sensor networks. LEACH is a traditional protocol for distributing energy dissipation evenly in WSN. It employs the clustering transmission scheme. Nodes in the cluster send the sensing data to the cluster head. Cluster head does the data fusion and send the compressed data to the sink.This paper introduces the structure and characteristics of wireless sensor networks first, and summarizes the work on energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks. Especially, clustering transmission scheme and virtual MIMO transmission scheme are studied. Then, the energy consumption models of virtual MIMO and multi-hop transmission scheme are established. By integrating the advantages of the two technologies above, this paper proposed an energy-efficient transmission scheme, called MIHOP. An algorithm for determining the optimal hop count of MIHOP is proposed in this paper as well. Then, this paper further optimized the MIHOP scheme. We proposed another transmission scheme, called MIHOP-LEACH, to balance the energy consumption of the WSN based on LEACH and LEACH-C.The theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms individual virtual MIMO, multi-hop technologies and double-string network in terms of energy conservation. The MIHOP-LEACH transmission scheme which is the optimization of MIHOP for energy even dissipation.