Research And Improvement Of LEACH Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network is a self-organization and multi-hop network system which deploys a large number of sensor nodes in the monitoring field ruly or randomly. Wireless sensor network has comprehensive application prospect in many fields, such as military, environmental monitoring, health care, the intelligent domestic appliance, space exploration, and so on.The wireless sensor network often works in the circumstance which the human unable to close .It is unable to replace the battery and reuse the node, therefore ,high efficiency, low cost, self-organization are all important questions in the wireless sensor network which must solve firstly .In order to prolong battery life and entire network life .In recent years ,the highly effective routing communication protocol is the one of most important questions.There are plane routing algorithm and hierarchical routing algorithm in the wireless sensor network. Hierarchical routing is the research hotspot in routing algorithm for wireless sensor network. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, LEACH) is one of the most typical routing algorithm . So the article presents a new routing algorithm named LEACH-M (Modified LEACH) based on LEACH algorithm. LEACH algorithm choose cluster-heads randomly ,then, form a cluster according to minimal energy principle .However, LEACH-M algorithm choose cluster-heards on the sink node using the new simulated annealing algorithm. Afterwards, in order to form clusters, the sink node will broadcast cluster-head set and the structure of clusters. In the steady state cluster-head send it's data to the sink node by one hop or multi-hop. The improved algorithm has realized load-balanced network, saved the network energy consumption, prolonged the network life effectively.Finally, the article realizes the simulation of LEACH algorithm,LEACH-C (LEACH-centralized) algorithm and LEACH-M algorithm in 100m×100m and 200m×200m network by NS2(Network Simulator,version 2) and analyzes the simulation result detailedly from three angles: the network lifetime,the number of data signals received at the sink node and the energy dissipated in the network. The simulation shows that LEACH-M algorithm performs better than LEACH algorithm and LEACH-C algorithm in the index of the network lifetime,the number of data signals received at the sink node and the energy dissipated.