Research On Energy-optimization Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a kind of data-center wireless networks, whichis consisted by lots of embedded nodeshaving sensing and communication ability.WSNcan be widely used in military reconnaissance, medical research, disaster prevention,environment monitoring and other fields, having great research value andsignificance.Sensor node is usually equipped with batteries. Once the energy isexhausted, the node is announced to be dead, and the network topology will beseriously affected, the network life will be shortened. Thus, improving the utilizationof energy is one of the most important problems of wireless sensor network research.This paper mainly studies the routing protocols from the perspective of improvingenergy utilization that can optimize the cluster result, improve the load balance, reducethe energy consumption and prolong network life.The main parts of this dissertationare composed of the following two parts:(1) By studying the impact of clustering effect on the energy consumption of thenetwork, a kind of evenly cluster protocol HEED-CHOP (Hybrid Energy EfficientDistributed-Cluster Head Optimize Protocol) is presented based on the idealHEED(Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed-Cluster Head Optimize Protocol) routingprotocol, which aims to solve the problems of slow convergence and the “orphannode”.By improving the algorithm for calculating the initial probability, thealgorithm’s convergence speed is accelerated. By introducing a kind of indirectly joincluster strategy, the “orphan node” joins in the adjacent cluster head so that the extracluster heads are no longer present. HEED-CHOP algorithm improves theeffectiveness of energy by reducing the energy consumption of intra-clustercommunication and controlling message transmission during the network clusteringstage.(2) From the perspective of load balancing, the paper presents an inter-clusterprotocol ICLE (Inter-Cluster Load Even) to deal with the “funnel effect” and “hotspots” problems which frequently emerge during the data transmission stage inWireless Sensor Network. The protocol introduces the idea of load balancing tree forguiding the data flow evenly distribution in the network, and put forward atransmission in turns strategy to reduce the pressure of the downstream nodetransmission. ICLE can achieve the goal of load balancing and improve the energy utilization.In this paper, HEED-CHOP and ICLE are simulated separately using MATLABSimulation Tool. The experimental results show that: HEED-CHOP can significantlyoptimize the cluster quality and improve the cluster efficiency, and eliminate uselesscluster head produced by “orphan node”. ICLE can balance the load among the nodesand prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, we carried on a beneficial discussionabout improving the energy utilization in Wireless sensor network, and laid atheoretical foundation for further practical application.