Establishment Of Micro Component Testing System And Experimental Research On Its Mechanical Properties

High precision inertial sensor is the core of the inertial navigation system inaviation, aerospace aircraft parts. The accuracy of inertial navigation system isdetermined by performance of its key micro components. The key microcomponents are designed to be used in pairs, and the characteristic size reachesmicrons degree. More importantly, they should have excellent stable mechanicsproperties and good consistency. However, only the geometry accuracy are tested incurrent detection process of this micro component, which neglects the detection ofmechanical properties of micro parts. Indeed, mechanical properties of microcomponents directly determine the performance of inertial navigation system. Butthere are some limitations in related researches both at home and abroad, it has nounited test methods and evaluation standards in mechanics performance test of tinycomponents by far, which leads to large dispersion of test data. So this paper is tostudy the related problems about mechanics performance test of the microcomponents.In this paper, overall function of the test system was determined firstly, for thetest requirements of the thin-walled micro components with micro groove structure.Then, micro tensile method was combined with micro bridge dynamic test methodas a new method to be put forward, and technical specifications of the system wereproposed. The module-design idea was introduced in the whole system design,which divided the test system into five parts, namely, micro tensile test module,micro bridge dynamic test module, in-situ test module, signal acquisition andcontrol system, mechanical assistance module. Selection or manufacture of eachpart was completed. And the mechanical structure was established and debugged.For the critical precision drive unit, piezoelectric ceramic and flexible linkages wereused to obtain minute displacement and a dynamic model of this unit was built. Andsome important parameters of flexible linkages were determined by theoreticalcalculations and ANSYS simulation.Based on the testing requirements, the overall scheme of the design of signalacquisition and control system was proposed. The central units of the control systemwere mainly composed of industrial personal computer and the corresponding PCIinterface cards. The hardware selection was completed, the electrical system wasbuilt, and the relevant test procedures and software interface was designed. Thetesting software was designed based on VB, which was to make the industrialcomputer access to hardware I/O port and achieve the functional integration of the PCI interface cards by calling the dynamic link library (DLL). Above on, signalacquisition and processing was implemented to realize the control of the whole testprocess.In this paper, experimental research on the test device and mechanics test ofmicro components was introduced in detail. The experiment research for the testdevice mainly included: force-voltage calibration of force sensor, force-displacement calibration of force sensor, the related characteristics test of precisiondrive unit, final system debugging and overall integration. The experiment researchfor mechanics test of micro components includes: design and manufacture of thetest specimen, related mechanics performance test of test piece, verification of thefeasibility and reliability of the test system based on the analysis of test results.Through the contrast of experimental results, this paper analyzed the effect of micromilling process on mechanical properties of micro structure. Then, the morphologyof the micro component was observed in the process of tensile test with assistanceof in-situ observation. Fracture mechanism of the microstructure was studied andanalyzed. Besides, the function of dynamic testing system was verified and fatigueproperties of the specimen were studied.