The Research And Improvement Of Clustering Protocal In WSN

Sensor nodes can sense the original signal around complex environment, collect andtransmit data to remote management host. At present, WSN is mainly applied into suchfields as: animal’s habitat environmental monitoring, industry monitoring, smart homedevices, health care, activities about military etc. Protocol is one of effective methods toreduce the energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of the network. This paperconcentrates on clustering protocol. In order to save energy, the target area is divided intoseveral clusters, in which a cluster head is elected to gather information of per cluster, thenormal nodes communicate with the management host via cluster head. To solve theproblems, we did some researches as follows:First of all, introduce the compromise of WSN, do some researches on character andtopology structure, and analyze Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy. Thensimulate the protocol and show the result.Secondly, analyze and improve the performance of homogeneous clustering protocol,make a simulation and compare with LEACH. Without concerning the further relationbetween the number of optimal cluster heads and the total number of the nodes, LEACHrouting protocol only considered deciding OPT according to the total number of the nodesand the size of the network, and then obtain the threshold. In order to balance thedistribution of survival nodes, when some nodes exhausted its energy in LEACH, animproved routing protocol named LEACH-DE was proposed. In order to balance thedistribution, reduce the energy consumption and extend the lifetime of network, combinethe distance and residual energy to improve threshold formula, further optimization clusterheads selection according to prior-distance.At last, another homogeneous routing protocol was proposed as Adaptive distributedclustering Protocol based on Energy and Distance. Bring some thoughts into energyheterogeneity clustering protocol, compared with SEP, make a simulation under differentsituations: the base station located in different positions; the number of distributed nodeschanges; the density of advanced nodes becomes larger or smaller; and the advanced nodes equips with different energy. Concerning the deficiencies of LEACH and SEP thatcluster head nodes selection has high randomness and probability of concentratingdistribution, nonsense distribution of alive nodes, the short life, this paper adoptedadaptive optimal cluster heads, created a fitness function with different weight betweenenergy and distance, adaptive distance priority factor, to make the distribution better,prolong the network life and make energy dissipation efficiently.