The Characteristics And Analysis Of The Swimmers’ Achievement Motivation, Training Strategy And Competitive Strategy

The achievement motivation, training strategy and competition strategy of 97 first-class swimmers from Henan Province and Hunan Province are surveyed and investigated in this thesis with the help of the questionnaire survey method and mathematical statistics.The purpose of this thesis is to estimate the swimmers’ capacity and characteristics on their achievement motivation, training strategy and competition strategy by studying these three aspects. By doing this, this thesis aims to provide reference for players’ ideological education, effective adjustment of players’ psychological states during the training and the comprehension of players’ psychological states before the competition by the team coaches. The research meanings are as follows:1.To inspire and cultivate players’ achievement motivation and make sure that they have higher achievement motivation not only on the field but also can transfer it to other fields and be a qualified social person.2.To train players to know themselves and keep their goals when facing stressful conditions like intense-load training and competitions. Besides, to train them to take active reactions before problems and become psychologically strong person who can take effective response.The research results show that:1.The achievement motivation of female players is evidently much higher than that of the male players.2.The athletic grade features of players’ achievement motivation is that: the achievement motivation of the second level players is higher than that of the first level and the first level palyers is higher than the masters. The achievement motivation of the master players is much lower than that of the second level players.3.The dimensional gender features of the training strategy is that: female players get much higher points than male players in four dimensions of automation, relaxation, self-conversation and attention to control.4.The dimensional athletic grade features of the training strategy is that: the master players perform much better than the first level and second level players in three dimensions of goal-setting, automation and representation; the master players also perform much better than the second level in relaxation and much better than the first level players in attention to control.5.The dimensional gender features of the competition strategy is that: male players achieve higher grades than female players in self-conversation and activation, while female payers achieve higher grades than male players in passive thinking.6.The dimensional athletic level features of the competition strategy is that: the master players achieve much higher points than the second level players in emotional control, representation and activation and achieve much higher points than the first and second level players in relaxation.7.Swimmers’ chievement motivation is in negative correlation with dimensions of their training and competition strategies.The research conclusions are as follows:1.The research results don’t support the first or second hypotheses, while they support the third and fourth hypothesis.2.The reasons of why the female players perform better than male players in the level of achievement motivation may be that: First, the only-daughter family education exerts positive influence on the achievement motivation. Second, the imitation of examples also exert positive influence on their achievement motivation.3.The athletic level features of the players’ achievement motivation research are that: the achievement motivation grades of the master players are much lower than the second level players; one of the reasons may be the failure to set new goals; another reason is perhaps the fear for failure is caused by more duty and stress, which leads to the slide of the achievement motivation level.4.The gender features of the training strategy research lie in: female players perform much better than male players in automation, relaxation, self-conversation and attention to control and the reasons may be that the mixed training teams provide more opportunities for female players to learn from male players about training strategy; the coaches’ personalized management and training instruction of female players also exert positive influence on their training strategy.5.The athletic grade features of the training strategy are that: the master players perform much better than the first and second level players in goal-setting, automation, presentation, relaxation and attention to control and they have higher strategic level of training.6.The gender features of competition strategy are that: male players perform better than female players in self-conversation, emotional control, automation, goal-setting, presentation, activation and relaxation, among these seven dimensions the statistical test of self-conversation and activation show distinct differences and male players get higher competition strategic level.7.The gender features of competition strategy are that: the master players perform better in dimensions like self-conversation, emotional control, automation, goal-setting, presentation, relaxation and activation than the first and second level players, however they perform worse than the first and second level players in passive thinking.8. Swimmers’ chievement motivation is in negative correlation with dimensions of their training and competition strategies.