| The Tai Chi pushing hands, as a indispensible part of Tai Chi, is a special form of the Tai Chi practice combat capabilities.It adopts match play and Tai Chi techniques such as ward-off, roll-back, pressing, push-down, pull-down, splitting, elbow, leaning, attacking, hitting, wrestle, grappling to simulate fight competition. During this process, various Tai Chi techniques can be utilized freely. The present study have analyzed the biomechanical characteristics of the Tai Chi pushing hands arms attacking technology and the kinesiological and dynamical changes, trying to reveal the essence of these classic actions. This study provides theoretical support for refining Tai Chi and the Tai Chi pushing hands actions and empirical evidence for pedagogy.There are three parts in the research methods of the present study. Firstly, Motion(200Hz)was used to record attract and the moving traces of each body part(including Shoulder, elbow, hip, knee Angle and center of gravity). Meanwhile, This study built a 3D human body model for every participant, which facilitates statistical analysis with Simi Mttion and Excel2007. Lastly, this study examined the ground reaction force with Force Plate(1000Hz), where the horizontal and vertical force of the participants were tested.The present study has gained seven results as follows:1. The present study has justified thousand-year long theories. The participants can avoid the attack with their relaxed bodies and gentle movements so that they gain time and space to fight back. When they move, they can coordinate their each elbow in order to improve the attacking force.2. Different movements function on different level. In the movements of guiding and converting, the core, upper limb, lower limb and torso tend to move separately in a circular way. On the other hand, the movements of attacking,they move straightly as a whole.3. The proficiency level of the participants is a major factor that influences their movements. The minimum bending angle of the elbow joint of the advanced participants is clearly greater than that of the participants on elementary level. That means that unlike the beginners who mainly use the elbow joint, the advanced participants mainly use their upper arm, torso and lower limb joints. Their elbow joints have not reached 180°. That reflects "no stiffness", a characteristics of Tai Chi.4. The actions of The Tai Chi pushing hands requires participants to change their cores and move their arms in a wave-like manner. The advanced group can move their core backward properly whereas the elementary group does not show such ability significantly. Moreover, the advanced participants stress the space for further move. Their cores are hardly influenced by external factors.5. Players always change their cores. The attacker actively contains his partner. Before attacking, they often relax their bodies and make their cores lower than their partners, which give them an advantage of move forward and upward.6.Compared with the beginning group, the advanced group has showed greater horizontal and vertical force. In the instant of moving, the advanced group can activate more muscles, expose more strength and pass more strength through their bodies. |
