Study On Coordinated Development Of Rail Transit Network And Population Distribution Of Beijing

In recent years, the rapid development of urban rail transit plays an important role in easing traffic congestion, facilitating the masses green commuting, improving the quality of life and so on. With the continuous construction of rail transit, the reasonable layout of rail transit network will help to evacuate the city’s population, promote the population suburbanization, guide the rational distribution of population and create a better living environment. On the other hand, the change of population distribution will have a profound impact on the layout planning of rail transit network. Therefore, in the context of the rapid network of Beijing rail transit, how to achieve the coordinated development of urban rail transit network and urban population distribution is an important problem to be solved. However, the rail transit network and the development of population distribution of Beijing is not always coordinated, city traffic problem has become a big problem affecting the healthy and sustainable development of Beijing. In addition, Existing research on urban rail transit network and the population distribution focus on the single field which rail transit impact on population distribution, the analysis on their coordination is less. And in the research methods are mainly concentrated on the qualitative analysis and quantitative study of existing is based on rail transit and urban development level, index system construction is also more emphasis on traffic, it is difficult to objectively reflect the coordinated development condition of urban rail traffic network and the distribution of population.Therefore, this article starting with the connotation of urban rail transit network establishes the theoretical framework of the interaction with population, then builds model analyzing coordination of urban rail transit network and population distribution of Beijing from a new perspective.This paper firstly constructs the theoretical model of the interaction between the rail transit network and the population distribution, and reveals the essence of the interactive relationship between the rail transit network and the population distribution. Secondly, taking Beijing city as the research object, this study analyzes the evolution characteristics of rail transit network and population distribution in different development stages, and lays the foundation for the final solution. In addition, this paper analyzes the fitness between urban rail transit network middle and city gravity centre and the direction coordination between urban rail transit and city developing based on existing research methods, providing a new perspective for the study of the coordination between rail transit network and population distribution. Through the research, this paper draws the following conclusions:(1) in the interactive relationship between the rail transit network and the population distribution, the rail transit network to guide the population distribution is the main aspect. In the early stage of rail transit construction, the rail transit shows the characteristic of "following the passenger flow". With the development of the rail transit network into the mature period, the more obvious characteristic is guiding the population distribution. Moreover, rail transit network influence the population distribution by changing the land use; The influence of population distribution on rail transit network includes two aspects, which are direct and indirect effects, and the indirect effect is realized by the support to the urban spatial structure; (2) in this paper, the evolution history of Beijing rail transit network and population distribution is divided into three stages:city population extending along the circle and the subway started construction between 1949-2000; urban population expanding along the multi axis direction and rail transit network achieved the initial network operation between 2001-2008; further strengthening of the urban population in the multi axis direction and the central urban rail network density burst growth from 2009. By summing up the evolution characteristics of each stage, we can find that the characteristic of Beijing urban rail transit network is to follow the passenger flow and service population; (3) by calculating fitness between urban rail transit network middle and city gravity centre, we can find the distance between them is about 12.36km, there is a large spatial mismatch between them; by calculating the direction coordination between urban rail transit and city developing, we can find the worst partition is the direction of Tongzhou.