Text Analysis Of The Bylaws Of American University

As the "Constitution" of university, university bylaws rule the mission of university, the responsibility, authority, obligation of organizations, and the management mechanism of university. American higher education has a long history, colleges and universities have proper organization settings and management system, and university bylaws are relatively complete. The Ministry of education of China urged all colleges and universities to establish the bylaws of university, and approved the bylaws of six universities in November of2013, which proves the establishment of university bylaws in China made a great progress. Accelerating the establishment of university bylaws is conductive to standardizing the rules and regulations of university, and promoting the establishment of the modern university with Chinese feature. From the point of mission, decision-making mechanism and management mechanism, this research uses the method of combination of quantitative text analysis and qualitative text analysis to research the bylaws of research university, liberal arts college and community college, which puts forward four enlightenments to the construction of university bylaws and universities’organizational management system in our country, including perfecting relevant legal basis, clearing educational purpose, coordinating influence of government and society to college, and balancing relationship between administrative power and academic power.This research is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background, significance, ideas, and methods of the research, defines the concept of university bylaws, and reviews the literatures from the point of university bylaws and American university bylaws. The second part divides American colleges and universities into three types of research university, liberal arts college and community college, through analyzing American university bylaws, from the point of mission, decision-making mechanism and management mechanism, using the method of combination of quantitative text analysis and qualitative text analysis to research the bylaws of three types of American colleges and universities. The third part compares the bylaws of three types of colleges, which comes to a conclusion that American colleges have individualized educational purpose, and colleges carry out the decision-making mechanism focused on the board of directors, and the management mechanism with balanced power. The fourth part combined with the status of university bylaws in China, which comes to a conclusion that government should perfect relevant legal basis, and colleges should clear educational purpose of school, coordinate the relationship between government and society and school, balance relationship between administrative power and academic power in school. The fifth part is the conclusion, summarizing the central idea of full text, and working out the innovation and insufficiency of this research.